Nation Building Nationalism The desire of a group of people united by language religion culture to form a nation Why The needwant for unity in Italy stemmed from the French Revolution Under Napoleon Italy was combined into larger states ID: 395014
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Unification of Italy" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Unification of Italy
Nation BuildingSlide2
Nationalism
The desire of a group of people united by language, religion, culture to form a nationSlide3
Why?
The need/want for unity in Italy stemmed from the French Revolution
Under Napoleon Italy was combined into larger states
(unlike the first map you have completed)
Growing nationalist sentiment in Italy after tasting unificationSlide4Slide5
Problems Facing Unification: Geography
Apennine Mountains separated East and West
Po river divided North and SouthSlide6
Problems of Unification: The Church
Pope wanted control of the Papal States
Unwilling to give up landSlide7
Problems of Unification: Leader?
Other states could not agree on who would lead the nation
Lack of a strong leader or royal blood
Common disagreement between all statesSlide8
Problems of Unification: Outside Influences
Other European nations did not want a strong Italy
Feared its power as a full nation
Some European nations had control over Italian states
Austria: Northern Italy
Spain: Western ItalySlide9
Cavour (Northern Italy)
Prime Minister or Sardinia
Brilliant Economist
Controlled 20 percent of the population of “Italy”
27 percent of exports
Built canals, reformed trade and land use
First successful leader of unification
Knew he needed outside help to rid
I
taly of foreign ruleSlide10
Crimean War: 1852
Sardinia (under Cavour) joined Britain and France in their war against RussiaSlide11
Crimean War: 1852
Sardinia (under Cavour) joined Britain and France in their war against Russia
War was fought over territories in the declining Ottoman Empire
(Turkish Islamic Empire)Slide12Slide13
Crimean War: 1852
Sardinia (under Cavour) joined Britain and France in their war against Russia
War was fought over territories in the declining Ottoman Empire
(Turkish Islamic Empire)
Because Sardinia helped with the war they received
favour
from FranceSlide14
War with Austria: 1858
Cavour sows nationalists discontent in Lombardy
Eventually riots and rebellions break out
Austria declares war and sends troops to attack Lombardy
French send troops to aid Sardinia
Make a deal to aid Sardinia in return for Savoy and Nice
Austrians driven out of LombardySlide15
The Dominoes start to fall
The states of Tuscany, Modena, Parma, and the Papal province of Romagna all begin to move towards Sardinia
Held plebiscites (popular votes) deciding whether to join Sardinia
By 1860 All of Northern Italy except Venetia belongs to Cavour and SardiniaSlide16
Why do the dominoes fall?
N
ationalismSlide17
Southern ItalySlide18
Unification: Southern Italy
Nationalist sentiment growing in the Kingdom of the Two
Sicilies
Ruled by the Bourbon House of Spain Slide19
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Dashing military commander who wanted nothing less than a completely unified Italy
In 1860 formed a 1000 man volunteer army called the “Red Shirts”
Had “unofficial” approval from Sardinia
Attacks the kingdom of the Two
Sicilies
Aimed to drive out the Bourbon rulersSlide20
War!
Garibaldi and the Red Shirts land on the island of Sicily and conquer it in a daring campaign
They then sail to the mainland and thump the Bourbon forces there
He then turns his army north to the Papal States in the middle
Cavour intercedes with a Sardinian army
Worried that attacking the pope would anger the French who is under their protectionSlide21
Cavour and Victor Emmanuel
Convinces Garibaldi to turn over Sicily and Naples to Sardinia
By the end of 1860 Cavour controls all of “Italy” proper except: Venetia and Rome
In 1861 parliament representing all of the controlled territories meets and proclaims Victor Emmanuel (the king of Sardinia) the King of Italy
Side note: 3 months later, just as the unification is about complete Cavour dies. Suck. Slide22
Afterword 1866-1870
In 1866 Italy joins Prussia in a war against Austria
Austria loses and cedes Venetia to Italy
In 1870 Prussia and France go to war and France withdraws its troops from Rome, leaving her undefended
Italians enter the city and a vote is held vote for annexation to ItalySlide23
Unification of Italy:
completeSlide24