PPT-DNA sequencing and fingerprints

Dr Sudha Kumari Assistant Professor Department of Veterinary Microbiology Bihar Animal Sciences University Patna INTRODUCTION The . September . 9. , . 2014. What are Fingerprints?. Does . everyone. have a unique fingerprint? . . How, why, and when do fingerprints develop?. Watch this!. What are Fingerprints?. Does . everyone. have a unique fingerprint? . WHORL PATTERN. FINGERPRINT. FINGERPRINT patterns. GALTON DETAILS. Galton Characteristics. . SHORT RIDGE/. ISLAND . DOT . FORK/. BIFURCATION ENDING RIDGE. . . Three fundamental principals of Fingerprints. Individual characteristic. Will remain unchanged during the individual’s lifetime. Have general characteristic ridge patterns that permit systematic classification. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY TECHNIQUES II.. Polymerase Chain Reacton – PCR. DNA sequencing. Amplification of specific DNA fragments. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY – PCR. Cloning and/ or isolation from a genomic library . Craig A. . Praul. Co- Director . Genomics Core Facility. Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences. Penn State University. A very short history of DNA sequencing. I started from the conviction that, if different DNA species exhibited . What you Need to Know . (but may already know). History. Sir Edward Henry (of London Metropolitan Police) developed modern system of identifying criminals by their fingerprints in . 1900 . The Henry system (as it is sometimes known) was so useful in criminal investigations that it was adopted around the world. Lenka Veselovská. Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics . Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) . M. odern high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies. parallel, rapid . Decreasing price, time, workflow complexity, error rate. A I . Bhat. Indian Institute of Spices Research. Calicut. DNA sequencing. Chain termination method . (. Sangers. . et a. l., 1977): In this method, the sequence of a single stranded DNA molecule is determined by enzymatic synthesis of complementary polynucleotide chains, these chains terminating at specific nucleotide positions.. Hardison. Genomics . 3_2. 1. 1/20/14. Second generation sequencing. Michael . Metzker. review. (2010) Nature Reviews Genetics . 11. : 31-46. 1/20/14. 2. Two generations of sequencing technology. Feature. Ridgeology. : The study of the uniqueness of friction . ridge. structures and their use for personal . identification. .. 1.  . . The koala is one of the few mammals (other than primates) that has fingerprints. In fact, koala fingerprints are remarkably similar to human fingerprints; even with an electron microscope, it can be quite difficult to distinguish between the two.. Mrs. Svedstrup. 1. Chapter 7. Fingerprints: Major Form of ID. Major goal of criminal and civil investigation process is to identify people. Fingerprinting is widely used: All individuals have unique set of fingerprints—even identical twins. . How we obtain the sequence of nucleotides of a species. …ACGTGACTGAGGACCGTG. CGACTGAGACTGACTGGGT. CTAGCTAGACTACGTTTTA. TATATATATACGTCGTCGT. ACTGATGACTAGATTACAG. ACTGATTTAGATACCTGAC. TGATTTTAAAAAAATATT…. Hardison. Genomics 3_1. 1. 1/20/14. nucleo. s. ides. A nucleo. t. ide has one or more phosphates attached to the 5’ hydroxyl of the (deoxy)ribose. Building blocks of DNA. 1/20/14. 2. Structure of a dinucleotide. First, anneal the primer to the DNA template (must be single stranded):Then split the sample into four aliquots including the following nucleotides: When a DNA polymerase (e.g. Klenow fragment) ispro