Objectives What is cell adaptations Different types of cell adaptations Contractile vacuole Cilia Flagella Pseudo pod Eyespots What is cell adaptation Changes made by a cell in response to adverse environmental changes ID: 375819
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Slide1
CELL ADAPTATIONS
Objectives:
What is cell adaptations?
Different types of cell adaptations
Contractile vacuole
Cilia
Flagella
Pseudo pod
EyespotsSlide2
What is cell adaptation?
Changes made by a cell
in response to adverse environmental changes
.
Types:
Contractile vacuole
Cilia
Flagella
Pseudo pod
EyespotsSlide3
Contractile Vacuole(osmo regulation)
A
sub-cellular structure (organelle) involved in
osmoregulation.
Vacuoles
store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.Found in protists and unicellular algaeParamecium contains contractile vacuole.Slide4
Paramecium has
two contractile
vacuoles, one at each end, which fill and contract alternately.
By contracting rhythmically, this contractile vacuole
collects
& remove excess water out of the cell, which helps to achieve homeostasis.In freshwater environments the concentration of solutes inside the cell is higher than outside the cellUnder these conditions water flows from the environment into the cell by osmosis. Thus contractile vacuole serves as a protective mechanism that prevents the cell from absorbing too much water and possibly exploding.Slide5
Freshwater
paramecia
when placed in a brine (salty) environment will use its contractile vacuole to pump water out of the cell. If the paramecia cannot reach equilibrium immediately, it would die.Slide6
Cilia
Are
hair like projections
Present in
Paramecium
Used for feeding and movement.Cilia move the food to the organisms interior through mouth pore.The food particles are engulfed, forming food vacuoles.Slide7
Flagella
Are
whip like
structures that are used for
movement.
Found in prokaryotic cells and some eukaryotic cells Function as a sensory organelle, being sensitive to chemicals and temperatures outside the cell.Slide8
Sponges carry out basic functions, such as
feeding and circulation, by moving water through their bodies.
Choanocytes are cells that line the
interior of sponges
that contain a central flagellum.
Flagellate creates a water flow which then filters nutrients and other food from the water, removing wastes from the sponge. Food particles are then phagocytosed by the cell.Slide9
Pseudopods (False feet)
Are temporary
cytoplasmic projections
of eukaryotic cells membranes or unicellular protists
Pseudopods
are used for feeding and movement.Slide10
.
An
amoeba
uses
pseudo pods.
The amoeba moves by first extending a pseudo pod away from its body.The cytoplasm then streams into the pseudo pod.Slide11
EYESPOTS
Composed of
photoreceptors
Possessed by plantlike protists, like
green algae, euglenas
It helps the cells in finding an environment with optimal sunlight for carrying out the process of photosynthesis.Slide12
Euglena
Euglena responding to the moderate light