The ArabIsraeli Conflict By Deric M Marc F Conflict Lasted more than 50 years Conflict between Arab nations amp State of Israel causing attention to the Middle East During fighting ID: 434075
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28-2:The Arab-Israeli Conflict
By: Deric M., Marc F.Slide2
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Conflict
Lasted more than 50 years
Conflict between Arab nations & State of Israel causing attention to the Middle East
During fighting:
4 wars & launched numerous guerilla attacks
Both sides worked toward peace, but peace process would unravel as new fighting eruptedSlide3
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The Founding of Israel
After WWII violence between Arabs & Jews in the British Mandate of Palestine increased
Thousands of Jewish Refugees left Europe for Palestine
Refugees – people who flee their homeland to seek safety somewhere else
Palestinian Arabs were not willing to give their homeland for wrongs done to Jews in Europe(Hitler)Slide4
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Cont.
Exhausted by WWII, Britain gave Palestine to the UN
1947- UN recommended Palestine be partitioned
May 1948- Jews announce creation of Israel
Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Iraq and Lebanon declared war immediately
Israel defeated Arab forces and took half of Jerusalem Slide5
Palestinian Refugees
500,000 Arabs fled out of Palestine after 1948 war
UN refugee camps became permanent homes for the refugeesPalestinian leaders refused to abandon the campsSlide6
Continued Conflict
1956- Israel, Britain and France attacked Egypt for the Suez CanalIsrael occupied Sinai Peninsula1967- 3
rd Arab-Israeli war occurred Israel took the Gaza Strip(Egypt), Golan Heights(Syria) , West Bank(Jordan) and East Jerusalem1973- Syria and Egypt attacked Israel but failed to gain any land Slide7
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Superpower Involvement
United States backed Israel
Soviet Union backed Syria, Iraq and Egypt
Both provided weapons and economic aid
Palestinians lived in
occupied territories – land ceased by Israel during 1967 war
1964- Palestinians formed Palestine Liberation Organization(PLO)
Goal to reclaim Palestine and destroy Israel
PLO committed bombings and hijackings
PLO attacks brought
reprisals- forceful attacks in response to injurySlide8
Building a Nation
Israel is one of the two democracies in the Middle East
Geography and People;Size of New Jersey90% live in urban areas Ashkenazim(Eastern European Jews)
Sephardim(Mediteranean/ Middle Eastern Jews)
15% non Jews(Christians/Arab Muslims)Slide9
Economic Development
Israel has a mixed economyLack of resources and waterAid from United States greatly assisted the economyNegev desert full of irrigation pipelines
Developed high technology industries such as Aerospace equipmentRemain dependent on imports for basic goodsSlide10
Struggle to Achieve Peace
After 1948 Arab nations refused to recognize or negotiate with Israel
Supported terrorist activities against Israel and called for its destructionIsraeli leaders rejected idea of Palestinian state that threatened Israel’s security
Egypt became the first Arab nation to recognize Israel
1987- Palestinians organized strikes against Israeli soldiers and civilians
Intifada – “the shaking”Slide11
Cont.
Israeli troops destroyed homes of suspected rebels and closed Arab schools
During Intifada Palestinians joined forces such as Hamas and Islamic JihadGroups called for destruction of Israel and used terrorism
Most difficult issue between Palestinian and Israeli leaders was the status of occupied territories
Many supported the PLO leader Yassir Arafat who called for destruction of Israel
Israel refused to talk to PLO because of terrorist activitiesSlide12
Cont.
Israel encouraged Jewish settlers to move into the occupied landsAngered Palestinians1993-Hopes for peace revived when Israel and PLO agreed to Oslo Accords
Israel and PLO agreed to recognize each otherPLO promised to stop attacking Israel
Israel promised to withdraw its forces
Yassir Afarat became head of Palestinian Authority Slide13
Return of Violence
Israel and Jordan signed peace agreementIsrael and Syria could not reach an agreement about Golan HeightsPalestinian terrorists attack both military targets and Israeli civiliansPalestinians felt methods were entirely justified
March 2002- Israel invaded Palestinian areas of West BankSlide14
Unresolved Issues
1980- Israel made Jerusalem its capitalPalestinians wanted East Jerusalem to be the capital of Palestinian stateBoth sides believed religious teaching justified their cause resulting in bloodshedSlide15
Art of Peace
Bushra JawabriYoung Palestinian woman refugeeBelongs to Seeds of PeaceOrganization that brings together young people from war torn lands
Goal is to be “a training ground for peace”