Please sit down if you Are taller than 59 Have blonde Hair Have brown Eyes Are leftHanded Why Classify To study the diversity of life biologists use a classification system to name organisms and group them in a logical manner ID: 784935
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Slide1
Classification
Unit 3
Slide2Classification Activity
Please sit down if you:
Are taller than 5’9”
Have blonde Hair
Have brown Eyes
Are left-Handed
Slide3Why Classify?
To study the diversity of life, biologists use a
classification
system to name organisms and group them in a logical manner
.
Taxonomy: science of classificationBy using a scientific name, scientists can be sure everyone is discussing the same organism.
mountain
lion ?
puma?
cougar ?
panther?
Scientific name =
Felis
concolor
Slide4Assigning Scientific Names
Aristotle
attempted to classify organisms based
on
where they lived - land, water or air
.With the invention of the microscope, classifying the diversity of life became difficult.A major step was taken by Carolus
Linnaeus who developed binomial nomenclature (two-name naming system.)In binomial nomenclature, each species is assigned a two-part scientific name, which is always written in italics. First name is capitalized and second is lowercase.
Slide5Binomial Nomenclature
Ursus
arctos
Genus
Species
Slide6Dichotomous Key
Tool to help user identify living and non-living things.
Dichotomous
comes from two Greek words that together mean, “divided into two parts”.
In each step of the key, only two choices are given; a direction is given or the organisms scientific name.
Slide7Dichotomous Key
Slide8Dichotomous Key Activity
Slide9Class Activity!
Slide10Make your own Dichotomous Key
Slide11Warm-Up!
Slide12Linnaeus’s System of Classification
Linnaeus's
hierarchical system of classification
includes
eight
levels:Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family
Genus SpeciesEach level is called a taxon (pl. taxa).Species: organisms that look alike and inter-breed under natural conditions.
Slide13Trick!
D
efinitely
Domain
K
eep KingdomPond PhylumClean Class
Or Order Froggy FamilyGets GenusSick Species
Slide14Read and Respond
Slide15Warm-Up!
What are the eight levels of classification?
What are the 3 domains?
What are the 6 kingdoms?
Slide16Kingdoms and Domains
Linnaeus's
two kingdoms,
Animalia
and Plantae did not adequately represent the diversity of life.Microorganisms became kingdom Protista.Mushrooms, yeasts and molds were placed in
Fungi.Later, bacteria were named kingdom Monera.More recently, kingdom Monera was subdivided into two groups: Eubacteria and Archaebacteria.
Slide17Domains
Three domains
Eukarya
(
Protists
, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia)Bacteria (Eubacteria)Archaea (
Archaebacteria)
Slide18Domain Bacteria
Slide19Domain Bacteria
Extremely Diverse
Some photosynthetic
Some pathogenic (causing disease)
Some need oxygen to live, others are killed by oxygen
Streptococcus
Escherichia coli
Slide20Domain
Archaea
Slide21Domain Archaea
Live in extreme environments
Volcanic hot springs
Brine pools
Bottom of the ocean
Many can only survive in the absence of oxygen
Methanogens
Halophiles
Slide22Domain
Eukarya
Slide23Eukarya-Protista
Great variety
Three basic groups
Animal-like
Plant-like
Fungi-like
Amoeba
Paramecium
Slide24Eukarya-Fungi
Feed on dead or decaying matter
Secrete digestive enzymes, then absorb small molecules
Cell walls made of chitin
Slide25Eukarya-Plantae
Non motile-cannot move from place to place
Cell walls made of cellulose
Slide26Eukarya-Animalia
Heterotrophic – must eat others to survive
No cell walls
Slide27Time to Practice!
Pg
461: # 3-5
Pg
463: Classify the leaves using dichotomous key
Pg 465: #1-5, 8-10