PPT-Chapter 11: Gene Expression

Control in Division amp Development pp 217228 Prokaryotes 1965 Nobel Prize to Jacob amp Monod for work on lac operon in E coli Lactose is metabolized by 3 enzymes in E coli Genes for these proteins are sequential. Inducible gene expression. kinetics of . β-galactosidase. enzyme induction. Add inducer. start transcription = mRNA accumulation. mRNA translation = protein accumulation. Remove inducer. Stop. transcription (. Stephen Montgomery. smontgom@stanford.edu. montgomerylab.stanford.edu. @. sbmontgom. Identifying the genes and variants responsible for disease.. Monogenic to polygenic diseases. Rare to common variants. Advances in Gene Expression Science . Allow Scientists to Compare & Contrast . Expression Patterns of two Biological States. Biological State #1. Biological State #2 State. Comparison of Genetic Profiles of Adipose Tissue in Identical Twins . . in wounds undergoing negative pressure wound therapy. Nate . Stearrett. (presentation format shamelessly stolen from Jeff . Elhai. ). Chronic Wounds. http://wjes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1749-7922-2-10. University of Notre Dame. Kristin Hager, Associate Teaching Professor, Biological Sciences. Joseph O’Tousa, Professor, Biological Sciences. WH Freeman. Marc Mazzoni, Senior Editor, Life Sciences. Elaine Palucki, Editor, Adjunct Assistant Professor Biology, Brooklyn College. Anablep. . anablep. . with its “4 eyes”. Upper half of lids look aerially while the lower half looks into the water.. Cells of the two parts of the eye exhibit differential gene expression. Individual bacteria respond to environmental change by regulating their gene expression. TUMOR SUPRESSOR PROTEINS. ATP. ENZYMES THAT CONTROL CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ADAPTIVE GENE PRODUCTS ARE ONLY REQUIRED UNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS. GENES FOR PROTEIN DIGESTION ARE TURNED OFF WHEN THERE IS NO PROTEIN AVAILABLE. . Gene Expression. Gene Expression. Transcription. Splicing. Polyadenylation. mRNA Stability. Translation. Protein Stability. Controls on Protein Levels. Transcription Control - Prokaryotic Promoter. Transcription Control - Prokaryotic Promoter. Controlling gene expression is often accomplished by controlling transcription initiation.. Regulatory proteins . bind to DNA to either block or stimulate transcription, depending on how they interact with RNA polymerase.. analysis - outliers. V2: batch effects. V3: data imputation. What . is measured by microarrays?. Microarray normalization. Differential gene expression (DE) analysis based on microarray data. Detection of outliers.  which is designed to allow . expression.  (. transcription.  and . translation. ) of the inserted section of . DNA. . The . vector.  carries a . promoter.  (normally inducible) on one side of the . Pearley Chinta and Juliet V. Spencer . Abstract. Methods. Results. Conclusions. HCMV is a widespread pathogen in the general population and can cause severe disease in immune-compromised hosts. HCMV manipulates immune responses in several ways, one of which includes encoding genes with homology to host chemokine receptors. HCMV US27 encodes a chemokine-like receptor that stimulates host gene expression. While, no chemokine ligand has been identified for US27, it is constitutively active. US27 stimulates the gene expression of antioxidant response element (ARE) regulated genes by activation of the transcription factor nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1). The goal of this project is to identify specific host and viral genes that are regulated by US27. Increased expression of antioxidant genes is likely to benefit virus infection and enable more progeny virus to be produced. Thus, a better understanding of the US27 function has the potential to lead to the development of novel antiviral therapies necessary to treat HCMV infection. . What is measured by microarrays?. Microarray normalization. Differential gene expression (DE) analysis based on microarray data. Detection of outliers. RNAseq. data. DE analysis based on . RNAseq. data. Developing Ovule,. . Embryo and Endosperm. The 2. nd. . International . Conference on Transcriptomics. Jianbo. Wang. Wuhan University, China. Background. Materials and methods. Gene expression. .