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Iraq and Iran Iraq and Iran

Iraq and Iran - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2016-11-08

Iraq and Iran - PPT Presentation

What is this war about anyway Saddam Hussein Ayatollah Khomeini Iraq has oil Iraqs oil is good quality It exists in great quantity It is cheap to produce Costs about 100 a barrel yes 1 dollar ID: 486438

iraq oil iran war oil iraq war iran saddam hussein military companies iraqi countries government control governments infrastructure conflict britain hold destroyed

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Slide1

Iraq and Iran

What is this war about anyway

?Slide2

Saddam Hussein

Ayatollah Khomeini Slide3

Iraq has oil…

Iraq’s oil is good quality

It exists in great quantity

It is cheap to produce

Costs about $1.00 a barrel (yes 1 dollar)Offers the worlds most extraordinary and profitable oilSlide4

Historically----

By 1911 Standard Oil controlled a world wide network of distribution and oil production. They had them in Indonesia, Romania, Russia, The US, Venezuela and Mexico.

Not only were they harvesting oil, they also had refineries ,

pipelines, rail cars, tankers, storage depots and other facilities all over the world.

ONE OF THE GREATEST HELPERS HAS BEEN THE STATE DEPARTMENT

John D. Rockefeller, founder of Standard OilSlide5

Why is oil Important?

-

provides nearly ALL the energy for transportation

-heats many buildings

-fuels farm and industrial equipment.-it is used in plastics, paints, fertilizers and pharmaceuticals-modern warfare and all weapons system rely on oil based fuel-40% of the US national energy budget is spent

on oil

So, why do governments care so much? Slide6

Company Interest=National Interest

So, the thought is that the companies global interests are of national interest and the governments help by:

-giving tax breaks

-providing military protection of pipelines

-support research and development-gain favorable routes and distribution channelsSlide7

Historical Timeline

1914-1918 Colonial

Conquest The British seized

Mosul, capital of

the oil region.1918-1930 War of Pacification Britain used all kinds of techniques

to hold the oil fields in their control

Britain

gave nominal independence to Iraq,

1941

Britain

re-

occupied

to keep them free from

Germany and

the USSlide8

Oil rents, Corruption and Conflict

US and UK cooperation between government and military powers

CIA engineered a coup in Iran to overthrow the democratic government and install the Shah in order to gain control over the Iranian and oil and redistribute British shares to US companies

1959 US intelligence recruited a young Iraqi

named Saddam Hussein

to take part in the assassination of Iraqi Prime minister

QasimSlide9

timeline

1960

US

government

created official favorable tax breaks1973 During the oil embargo Washington considered sending a military strike force to seize some of the richest fields in Saudi

Arabia, Kuwait, and Abu Dhabi

Jimmy

Carter set up the US central command, a

permanent military force designed

to intervene in the Middle East

on short notice.

1979 Iranian Revolution: The Shah is overthrown and a fundamentalist Islamic regime led by Ayatollah Khomeini turns

Iran

into a

theocracy

. Iranian students seize the US Embassy in Tehran and hold 52 Americans hostage for 444 days (Argo is about the 6 Americans that escaped the Embassy)Slide10

American Hostages

They were blindfolded and paraded in front of the cameras

Made them, the U.S., and President Carter look weakSlide11

Iran- Iraq War 1980-1988

In 1980 , Iraq attacked it’s neighbor Iran

-War began when Iraq seized disputed land near the border

destroyed much of both countries oilfield and infrastructure

-Foreign governments promoted, encouraged and sustained the war

-Big oil companies profited … with Iran/Iraq oil temporarily off the market, other worldwide markets raised their prices

Consequences…

By bankrupting the 2 governments:

Ruining their oil infrastructure;

-opened the way for return of companies thru privatization….

BUT……

Iraq and Iran turned to Japanese oil companies for new private investments, that set the stage for another conflict

Which side did the Kurds take and what were the consequences for them?Slide12

Gulf War 1991

Iraq invaded

Kuwait in

August 1990 claiming it was a historical part of Iraq

In the 1990’s Iraq stopped cooperating with the UNSaddam refused to let weapons inspectors in the country

President Bush decided to intervene militarily and asked France and UK to join. US forces heavily bombed and led a ground war that destroyed Iraqi cities, much of their electricity, and water purification systems.

-Estimated Iraqi deaths 25,000-65,000

“Our jobs, our way of life our own freedom and the freedom of friendly countries around the world would all suffer if control of the worlds great oil reserves fell into the hands of Saddam Hussein

.” George BushSlide13

Conflict during the Sanction Period 1991-2003

- So, the US and the UK vetoed the UN’s request to lift the embargo against Iraq.

-this caused a choke hold on Iraqi’s economy, it restricted oil sales and kept the oil industry in shambles

-by blocking investors and preventing reconstruction destroyed the countries economic base

-with Iraq off the market other private countries benefited-US and the UK declared their goal to oust Saddam Hussein through assassination or a military coup-US and UK also instituted “no-fly zones” and routinely attacked Iraq January 1993, 1996 June 1996 and December 1998Slide14

Iraq war 2003

This war launched by the US

in spite of strong opposition of the UN,

overthrew the government of Saddam Hussein and brought US-UK in direct rule over Iraq

and control of their oil fields,It caused more deterioration of Iraq’s infrastructure, casualties and a chaotic, dysfunctional economy This would be the beginning of an entirely different Power Point that we don’t have time for