Prepared by Miss Soe Myat Yee Mon Thein Assoc Prof Surintorn Kalampakorn ID: 539884
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "JOB STRESS AMONG GARMENT FACTORY WORKERS..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
JOB STRESS AMONG GARMENT FACTORY WORKERS IN MYANMAR
Prepared by Miss Soe Myat Yee Mon Thein Assoc. Prof. Surintorn Kalampakorn Asst.Prof. Jutatip Sillabutra Mahidol University ThailandSlide2
Introduction
Nowadays, worldwide, working stress becomes a major challenge for the workers and organizational health (ILO 1986; 1992).Leading causes of death and disability such as heart disease and stroke are almost linked to stress. In developing countries, health impact of job stress becomes the one of the major problems. In South-east Asian countries, it has been observed that there are much increasing work related illness and accidents due to rapid industrialization. So, job-related stress became important factor for preventable health hazard.Slide3
Current problem of Myanmar
Garment factories - the biggest manufacturing industry in Yangon where workers face labor right violation, long working hours, intimidation for join labor union, feeling of helplessness and poor working and living conditionMostly women face discrimination in fundamental rights, Freedom-neglected. Working environment is unsafe, hot, overcrowded, factories typically for around 11 hours per day, 6 days per week. Slide4
Research Objective
To assess the prevalence of job stress among garment factory workers in Hlaing Thar Yar Industrial Zone, Yangon, MyanmarTo determine the relationship between job stress and the personal factor including age, gender, education, marital status, number of children, monthly income, duration of work, job position, working section, working hours, personal illness or injury, life crisis, work-life conflict, life work conflict and supervisor supportTo determine the relationship between job stress and the organizational factors including physical environment, poor management and inflexible rules.Slide5
Conceptual FrameworkIndependent Variables
Personal Factors-Age-Gender-Education-Marital Status-Number of children-Job position-Duration of work-Monthly income-Working Section-Working Hours-Personal illness or injury-Life
crisis
-Work-life conflict
-Life –work conflict
-Supervisor support
Organizational Factors
-
Physical environment
-Poor management
-Inflexible rules
Job stress
1. Decision Latitude2. Psychological Demands
Dependent VariableSlide6
Study Area
MyanmarSlide7
Study Design & Study population
Cross sectional studyStudy population-garment factory workers who are working in Hlaing Thar Yar Industrial Zone, Yangon, MyanmarSlide8
Sampling Procedure
Simple random sampling 71 garment factories in Hlaing Tha Yar industrial Zone7 garment factories
Factory
II
n
=791
Factory
VI
n
=2010
Factory
I
n
=853
Factory
IIIn=963
Factory
IV
n
=779
Factory
V
n
=600
Factory VII
n
= 1200
60 Subjects
M-12
F-48
60 Subjects
M-5
F-55
60 Subjects
M-6
F-54
60 Subjects
M-4
F-56
60 Subjects
M-6
F-54
60 Subjects
M-4
F-56
60 Subjects
M-5
F-55
Simple random sampling Slide9
Research instrument
410 garment factory workers from the 7 factories, who have worked at least 6 months, were interviewed by using Job Content QuestionnairesPsychological job demands and decision latitude were used to determine the job stress. Data analysis by using mean, median, SD and percentageChi-square test and multiple logistic regressions were used to analyze the data collected and to produce the result of the study.Slide10
Personal factors among garment factory workers ( n=390)
Age: 25-41 years (74.9%), Mean=27.6, SD=4.4Gender: Female (89.2%)Education: Secondary (43.8%)Marital status: Married (49.5%)Children: Present (37.4%) : Two number of Children (17.2%) Job position: Operational workers (64.9%)Working Section: Sewing section (37.9)Slide11
Working hours (hrs/day): ≥11 hours (69%), Mean=11.1, SD=1.9
Duration of work: ≤ 5 year of working experience (66.7%) Mean=5.1, SD=3.1Monthly Income (Kyats): ≥108,000 (96.2%)Personal Illness or injury: Present (95.1%) : Musculoskeletal disease (41.5%) Life Crisis: Present (92.8%) : Financial difficulties (82.1%)Slide12
Personal
FactorsNumberPercentSupervisor supportHigh18848.2Low
202
51.8
Mean=9.9, SD=3.2, Min=18,
Max=39
Work-Life Conflict
High
276
70.8
Low
114
29.2
Mean=27.6, SD=5.4, Min=9, Max=34
Life-Work Conflict
High
131
33.6
low
259
66.4
Mean=11.2, SD=3.3, Min=6, Max=32
a≥Mean
b<MeanSlide13
Organization FactorS among garment factory workers (N=390)
Organization factorsNumberPercentPhysical Working Environment
Poor (13-30)
306
78.5
Fair
(31-41)
84
21.5
Poor
Management
Always
156
40.0Often
14938.2
Sometimes
85
21.8
Inflexible Rules
Always
135
34.6
Often
176
45.1
Sometimes
79
20.3Slide14
Prevalence of high job stress and low job stress among garment factory workers(n=390)
VariablesNumberPercentHigh Strain11930.5Non-High strain271
69.5
1.
Low strain
110
28.2
2. Active job
27
6.9
3. Passive
job13434.4Slide15
Multiple Logistic regression
VariablesB
S.E.
Wald
df
Sig.
Exp
(B)
95%
C.I.for
EXP(B)
Lower
Upper
Working hour
2.9
1.2
5.9
1
0.015
18.2
1.8
189.3
Supervisor support
0.6
0.3
5.4
1
0.020
1.8
1.1
2.9
Job position
2.427
1.087
4.988
1
0.026
11.3
1.3
95.3Slide16
Conclusion & Recommendation
Workers with low supervisor support, with high position and those who worked less than 11 hours were likely to report job stressFactory owners should conduct health promotion activities and public health talks in the factory to reduce job stressHealth education on job stress should be conducted to both employers and factory workers to prevent job stress related complicated factors and to increase advancement of health knowledge and competencies.libraries should be built to access health information to improve the health literacy level of employees to cope with job stress. Slide17
Self-centered stress management techniques and Job center stress management interventionWorkplace social support should be conducted for ensuring the jobs more secure and health friendly working environment
Health knowledge awareness should be raised to stakeholdersGovernments should provide workshops & health education sections corporating with MOH to employersSlide18
Recommendation for further study
Further study should be conducted in other parts of the countryIn depth interview & focus group discussion needed to be conductedBoth quantitative and qualitative measure should be conducted Further prospective studies, evidence based investigation and longitudinal studies should be carried out Culturally back translation of the questionnaires should be doneIntervention program on comprehensive stress management strategy should be conducted to reduce occupational stress and to improve quality of life of factory workersFurther studies should use other job stress model such as effort-reward imbalance model, job-person fit model to identify other important stressorsSlide19
Thank You Slide20
Q & A