Colonization of America - PowerPoint Presentation

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Colonization of AmericaSlide2

The student will describe how early European exploration and colonization resulted in cultural interactions among Europeans, Africans and

Native Americans

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Beringia

- Land Bridge to North AmericaSlide5

Mayan Society

LOCATION:

Central America Yucatan Peninsula of MexicoChichen-Itza – Important Mayan Religious CenterSlide6

Aztec Capital Slide7
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LOCATION: Tenochtitlan (Valley of Mexico)

Cortez defeated the Aztecs.Slide9

CORTEZ & The AZTECSSlide10

LOCATION:

The Andes Mountains of South America.

Home of the IncasSlide11

Macchu

Picchu, The Last Stronghold of Inca Civilization Pizarro defeated the Incas. Slide12

What European country explored and settled the Caribbean, Central America, and South America?

SPAIN Slide13

SOL Questions

Why

did Europeans come to America?2. What were the consequences of the interactions of the American, European, and African nations?3. Who were the VA Cavaliers?Slide14

3 Worlds Collide

The greatness of early American civilizations made them a target of the greedy Spanish. These conquistadores came in search of the gold and silver and other riches of the area.

This collision of cultures led to the destruction of most early civilizations. Those that did not die from warfare; fell to diseases brought by the Europeans. Why did Europeans come to America? What made them interested in exploration? (Religious Freedom & Economic Opportunity) EUROPEAFRICAAMERICASlide15

The Lost Colony:

Sir Walter Raleigh

In 1587, the Virginia Company, financed by Sir Walter Raleigh, sponsored the first permanent English settlement in the New World. One hundred men and 17 women landed on Roanoke island, off of the Virginia coast. John White returned to England to obtain additional supplies. When he returned, nearly three years later, he found a deserted colony. The only clue as to the whereabouts of the colonists was the word "CROATOAN." To this day, the fate of these colonists remains a mystery. 1587 The Lost ColonySir Walter RaleighEntire Colony DisappearedSlide16

The Ferry (to Jamestown) at Scotland Wharf

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1607-The first permanent English settlement in North America.

Jamestown is founded by the VA Company of London as a Joint-Stock VentureSlide19

Why did they come to VA?

Was settled for economic gains by the Virginia Company.

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Cavaliers

Were the English

nobility who received large land grants in VA from the King of England and helped settle the colony.Slide21

The settlers did not always get along---fights, struggles for power.

Conflict with the Powhatan Indians. Slide22

1609 THE STARVING TIMES

John Smith leaves and relations with the Indians go sour.

The Colonists were on their own to find food. Slide23

1612

John Rolfe introduces Tobacco.

It becomes a cash crop.Slide24
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1618

The Head right system begins in Jamestown.Slide27

Advertisement urging people to come to VA

1619

1st Africans arrive in 1619Slide28
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Jamestown Important Dates

1612-Tobacco is developed

1619* VA House of Burgesses * 1st women come to the colonySlide30

What was the first elected assembly (lawmaking body) in the New World?

The VA House of

Burgesses (1619)Slide31

1624

Jamestown becomes a royal colony. It is placed under the direct control of the King.

3 Types of Colonies Charter Colonies Proprietary Colonies Royal Colonies Slide32

Bacon’s Rebellion

1676

I will burn Jamestown if it will not treat all people equal. Slide33

The colonists of the Virginia colony were not always happy with their situation.

Nathaniel Bacon led a revolt against the plantation owners of Jamestown because he felt poor people were being ignored.1676Bacon’s Rebellion Slide34

The Southern Colonies.

Huge

plantations that grew cash crops dominated the southern lands.Shirley PlantationRICETOBACCOINDIGOVirginiaNorth CarolinaSouth CarolinaGeorgiaSlide35

What was the major reason for the settlement of Virginia and the other Southern colonies?

Economic OpportunitySlide36

SOL 1 Vocabulary

Cavaliers

Indentured ServantsVA House of Burgesses Middle PassageCash CropsCHARTER-The King grants permission to colonists to establish a Settlement.Slide37

SOL Notebook Questions

5. Why was the VA House of Burgesses important?

6. Difference between Slave & Indentured Servant7.Why did Bacon’s Rebellion occur? 8. Importance of the Mayflower Compact9. How were the Puritans & Pilgrims different?Slide38
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What was the

major reason

for the settlementof New England?RELIGIOUSFREEDOMSlide40

Who settled at Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620?

The Separatists,

who were commonly called thePilgrims.Slide41

The Puritan Way of Life

The Puritans form a “covenant community” based on the Mayflower Compact.They were very INTOLERANT of other religions.They practice Direct Democracy through TOWN MEETINGS.Plan of GovernmentSlide42

The Mayflower Compact

The Pilgrim male settlers at Plymouth signed an agreement that helped establish the notion of self-government in the Americas.Slide43

The

Mayflower

The Mayflower brought the first group of Pilgrims toNorth America in 1620.The ship sailed from Plymouth, England, on September 16, 1620, with102 passengers. The ship was headed for Virginia, where the colonists had been authorized to settle. Slide44

Squanto lived with the Pilgrims for 18 months.

He died of a fever in1622.

The First Thanksgiving http://www.scholastic.com/scholastic_thanksgiving/Slide45

Who settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

THE PURITANS

Their leader was John Winthrop.Slide46

The New England Colonies

New England was settled by the Puritans.

We are seeking Religious Freedom!MassachusettsConnecticutRhode IslandNew HampshireSlide47

Rhode Island-Roger Williams

Rhode Island was

founded by dissentersfleeing persecution from the Puritans in Massachusetts.Practiced freedom of religion.Anne Hutchinson fled to Rhode Island.Slide48

Salem Witch Trials

The Salem witch trials occurred in colonial Massachusetts between 1692 and 1693. More than 200 people were accused of practicing witchcraft.

20 were executed. Eventually, the colony admitted the trials were a mistake.Slide49
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Economy of New England

Based of Shipbuilding. Fishing, lumbering, subsistence farming. Slide51

Middle Colonies

DIVERSITY

Quakers in Penn.Catholics in MarylandDutch in New YorkGenerally believed in more religious tolerance than New England.Mostly small farmers and business ownersNew York Pennsylvania New JerseyDelaware MarylandSlide52

The Dutch settle in New York (New Netherlands).

1664 the Dutch are forced out of New York by the English.Slide53

Pennsylvania is established as a

place for QUAKERS

to worship.Slide54

What two groups of colonists generally believed in religious

tolerance? Quakers-Pennsylvania2. Roman Catholics-MarylandSlide55

Economy of the Middle Colonies

Based of Shipbuilding. Trading, subsistence farming.

Major Ports: Baltimore, New York, Philadelphia Known as the “bread basket” because of the fields of wheat, oats, barleySlide56

Why was slavery introduced in the South?

The African slave trade and the development of a slave labor system resulted from plantation economies and labor shortages.

Journey to America for slaves.The Triangular Trade Route brought Africans to the English colonies.Slide57
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Define indentured servant?

A person who agreed to work

a certain number of years in exchange for payment of his passage to America.Slide59

James Oglethorpe establishes Georgia as a colony for debtors.Slide60
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What about the Indians?

Violent confrontations between the Europeans & the Native American led to the downfall of Native Tribes.

Disease also killed thousands of Indians.However the French & Indians forged a cooperative alliance.As the 3 worlds collided, things would change forever.Slide62

I knew I should have burned that Fort down.Slide63

Religious movement of the

mid-1700s that preached

“fire and brimstone”sermons to encourage spiritual rebirth.Jonathan Edwards & George Whitefield were two key figures.