Unit 07: - PowerPoint Presentation

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Unit 07: Early Statehood

1836-1845Slide2

DEFINING CHARACTERISTICS OF MAJOR ERAS IN TEXAS HISTORY

Early Statehood – (1845)

Slave State

Mexican War

Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo

Rio Grande River determined as border

Compromise of 1850

Manifest

DestinySlide3

WHY HISTORIANS DIVIDE THE PAST INTO ERAS

History is divided into eras so it is easier to identify cause and effect of the great events/people in historySlide4

CAUSES OF AND EVENTS LEADING TO TEXAS ANNEXATION

Texas independence

American Texans desired to become part of the United States.

United States’ desire for Manifest Destiny

The Republic’s financial problems

Sam Houston supported annexation

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CAUSES OF AND EVENTS LEADING TO TEXAS ANNEXATION

Early Statehood Concerns

Defining Texas Borders

Expanding Texas Population

Texas Annexation Delayed

Annexation might cause a war with Mexico

Texas as a slave state, which would switch the balance to southern slave states

Why Texans wanted Annexation

Annexation meant Texas debts would be paidSlide6

INDIVIDUALS, EVENTS, AND ISSUES DURING EARLY TEXAS STATEHOOD

U.S. – Mexican War

Cause

– Mexico claimed the Nueces River as its border, and the United States/Texas claimed the Rio Grande.

The war began at Brownsville when a small battle breaks out, and American blood is shed

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Effect

- Rio Grand becomes official border

Events that led to War

First- Shots

fired by both sides north of Rio

Grande

Second-The

United States declares war on

MexicoThird- Thousands of Texans volunteer to serve during the warFinally- General Zachary Taylor defeats Santa AnnaSlide7

INDIVIDUALS, EVENTS, AND ISSUES DURING EARLY TEXAS STATEHOOD

Treaty

of Guadalupe-Hidalgo

Ended the Mexican War

Mexican Cession – the Southwest is claimed by the United States.

Mexico accepts Texas as part of the United States, and the United States paid $15 million to Mexico.

The Rio Grande River is the border of Texas

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INDIVIDUALS, EVENTS, AND ISSUES DURING EARLY TEXAS STATEHOOD

Population Growth

Population doubled since annexation

Towns grew into cities – largest city was Galveston

Migration of Americans to Texas

Immigration of Europeans (e.g., Germans to the Hill Country)

Compromise of 1850

The Texas-New Mexico Boundary Act states that Texas would receive $10 million in return for giving up part of their western and northern territory, paying off Texas’ debt, and determining the western boundary of the state.

This agreement was

intended

to deal with the slavery issue

. Did not abolish slavery!Slide9

EARLY STATEHOOD AND MEXICAN CESSIONSlide10

GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION AND PATTERNS IN TEXAS DURING THE 19th, 20th, AND 21st CENTURIES

Statehood

Where did European immigrants settle and why?

What proportion of Texans were slaveholders

?

By 1850, the slave population in Texas had increased to 58,161; in 1860 there were 182,566 slaves, 30 percent of the total population. In 1860 almost 25 percent of all white families in Texas owned at least one slave. Texas ranked 10th in total slave population and 9th in percentage of slave population (30 percent of all residents

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GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION AND PATTERNS IN TEXAS DURING THE 19th, 20th, AND 21st CENTURIES

Where were plantations located in Texas

? SOUTH and EAST Texas

Durazno

Plantation

Freeman

Plantation

William Garrett

Plantation

Hatfield

Plantation

Liendo

Plantation

Old Brulay PlantationCol. Elijah Sterling Clack

Robertson

Plantation

Varner-Hogg PlantationSlide12

Immigration into Texas

In 1860 foreign-born citizens of Texas numbered 43,422

Some 20,000 were from Germany

Living in Houston, Galviston, and San Antonio

Most German immigrants settled in central and South Texas

Houston and Galveston are located along the Gulf Coast of Texas