What do those words mean Learning Goal Students will be able to determine the meanings of unknown words by analyzing context clues understanding word relationships and examining word parts Student Objective ID: 460976
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Slide1
Understanding Vocabulary
What do those words mean?!Slide2
Learning Goal
Students will be able to determine the meanings of unknown words by analyzing context clues, understanding word relationships, and examining word parts. Slide3
Student Objective
Using context clues will help me identify the meaning of unknown words.
3 – use context clues to define grade-level vocabulary
2 – describe how to use context clues
1 – define context cluesSlide4
What are context clues?
Context clues are words that come before and after a particular word or phrase that can help you determine the meaning.
Using context clues is one of the best ways strategies for determining meanings of unfamiliar words. Slide5
Types of Context Clues
Clue
What to Look For
Example
Definition
These words are often
defined in the reading.
The driving
instructor asked Chris to
parallel
park, or
park beside the curb
.
Antonyms/Contrasts
Signal words such as unlike,
not, however, can help you to look for contrasts.
Some children are
not
gregarious
and do
not
enjoy socializing with other kids.
Synonyms or Restatements
A word or phrase that is similar to the difficult word will give you clues to its meaning.
Jessica showed great
fortitude
and
determination
by completing
the marathon.
Words or Phrases That Modify
Modifiers – such as adjectives, adverbs, or phrases and clauses – often provide
clues.
It is a
remote
place, and
divided from the rest of the world by
a great forked range of mountains on the north and west. Slide6
Types of Context Clues
Clue
What to Look For
Example
Cause/Effect
The stated cause or effect will give you clues to the meaning of a difficult word.
When
a car’s tires lose their tread, they can no longer
adhere
to the road properly and
may result in an accident
.
Example/Explanation
The explanation of a difficult
word will appear in an example.
The teacher’s
monotone
voice droned on and on;
neither
the players’ union nor the owners
will compromise
.
Concrete Examples
An example will illustrate and clarify a difficult concept.
Foreign antigens
are introduced from outside
the body.
Components of bacteria are examples of foreign antigens
.Slide7
Understanding Word Relationships
As a reader, you need to recognize words that have nearly the same meaning (synonyms) and the words that have opposite meanings (antonyms).
Analogies are often used to represent word relationships. Slide8
What are analogies?
They are expressions that show similarities between two things.
An analogy question has two sets of words that share a common relationship.
Your job as the reader is to figure out the relationship of the pair of words.
Then you apply that same relationship to the other pair of words and complete the analogy.Slide9
Types of Analogies
Analogies in Which Word Order is Not Important
Example
Synonyms
omit : skip :: choose : pick
Antonyms
jolly
: gloomy :: elation : depression
Rhyming Words
chair
: lair :: poise : noise
Homophones
crews : cruise :: beech : beach
Parts of the Same Thing
stem : petal
:: trunk : leaf
Two Examples
from the Same Class
lake : river :: hill : mountainSlide10
Types of Analogies
Analogies in Which Word Order is Important
Example
Different Forms of the Same Word
apply
: application :: evaluate : evaluation
Name and Location
country
: England :: continent : Asia
Class and Example of that Class
offspring : colt :: singer : soprano
Item and Who Uses It
plane : pilot :: stage : performer
Item and What It
Is Designed to Do
hammer : pound
:: knife : cut
Item and a Word that Describes It
thorn
: sharp :: comedian : funny
Whole and Part
dresser : drawer :: sweater : sleeve
Action and Where It
Takes Place
run : track :: swim : pool
Result and Who Does It
house : builder :: sonnet : poet
Sequence
infancy : childhood :: bud : flowerSlide11
What are word parts?
Root: the part of a word that carries meaning
Prefixes: word parts that are added to the beginning of words to change the meaning
Suffixes: a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to change its meaning and, sometimes, its part of speech.