Healthcare 101 An overview of health disparities affecting LGBT patients Derrick Ng amp Navina Senthilkumar LGBT Demographics LGBT Demographics 36 million LGBT people 600000 trans people ID: 536724
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LGBT+ Healthcare 101An overview of health disparities affecting LGBT patients
Derrick Ng & Navina SenthilkumarSlide2
LGBT DemographicsSlide3
LGBT Demographics 3.6 million LGBT people 600,000 trans people Slide4
LGBT Definitions, Concepts, and TerminologySlide5
“An individual’s emotional, romantic, or sexual attraction for another individual”Sexual Orientation1
CalebTabor
CC BY-SA 3.0Slide6
Desire Behaviour Identity*Sexual OrientationSlide7
Desire Behaviour Identity
MSM
WSW
Sexual OrientationSlide8
Desire Behaviour Identity
Sexuality
Sexual OrientationSlide9
“A person’s highly personal, deeply felt experience of gender.”
Body
image
Dress
Speech
.
.
.
Gender
I
dentitySlide10
Cisgender = “An individual whose gender identity matches their assigned sex”Gender Identity2
ParaDox
under CC BY-SASlide11
Transgender = “An individual whose gender identity does not match their assigned sex”Gender Identity
2
ParaDox
under CC BY-SASlide12
FTMMTFGenderqueerBi genderAndrogynousSlide13
“Very embarrassing”“Didn’t feel taken seriously”He or she
They or it
Ze
or
zir
Pronouns
3Slide14
“Homosexual” “Queer”Historical context
LGBTQSlide15
Social, Legal, and Political IssuesSlide16
2004 Gender Recognition ActLegislation
Clipartcottage
under CC-BY-SA 3.0 license.Slide17
2010 Equality Act“protected characteristics” 2014 Marriage and Civil Partnership ActLegislation
4
MattsFTR
under CC-BY 4.0Slide18
2002 Adoption and Children Act 2008 Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act“The need of supportive parenting”
Legislation - parenting
5Slide19
1 in 6 gay people have been a victim of homophobic hate crime 73% of trans people have experienced transphobic harassmentWon’t be taken seriouslyPolice can’t do anything about it
Hate CrimeSlide20
57% do not think sexual orientation is relevant to health 1 in 10 staff have received training on LGBT health needsAttitudes – health workers
6Slide21
25% would not be happy to elect openly gay Prime Minister 49% would be unhappy for close relative to marry trans personAttitudes – general public Slide22
Health DisparitiesSlide23
Sexually Transmitted Infections MSM HIV, gonorrhoea, syphilis Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) Reasons:
↑partners, HIV, “
Chemsex
”Slide24
Health Related Behaviour Smoking Alcohol Recreational drug use Eating disorders Reasons: coping mechanism, body imageSlide25
Mental Health Mental disorder Self-harm Suicidal behaviour Substance misuse Reasons: “minority stress”, other inequalitiesSlide26
AddressingHealth DisparitiesSlide27
Addressing Health DisparitiesAitken S, Kealey A, Adamson R. LGBT Community Needs Assessment Report. Scotland: LGBT Centre for Health and Wellbeing; 2007Slide28
MSM STI Disparities More frequent HIV testing for high-risk groups Periodic testing for asymptomatic Chlamydia, gonorrhoea and syphilis Hep B VaccinationSlide29
Mental Health DisparitiesSchoolsSocial service organisationsSlide30
Barriers to LGBT HealthcareSlide31
Barriers The “Beyond Barriers” LGBT Scotland survey:15% of 924 responses reported difficulties in accessing healthcareSlide32
Barriers Negative attitudes and behaviour of healthcare staffJudgementale.g. cervical screeningSlide33
Barriers Communication barriers with healthcare providersOver 1/3 of patients do not discloseFears of poor Tx, denied care, confidentiality issues Slide34
Barriers Lack of awareness and knowledge of NHS staff lack of knowledge concerns about appropriate languageSlide35
Barriers delay seeking healthcare participate less in health screenings Less response to preventative health messages Trans people: long waiting times, doubts on doctorsSlide36
Improving LGBT Healthcare AccessSlide37
Be approachable Non-judgemental Sensitive Reassurance Use respectful language Clarify confidentiality Improve knowledgeSlide38
A trusting doctor-patient relationship which promotes transparency and disclosureSlide39
Thank you