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Stretch and Stress - PowerPoint Presentation

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Stretch and Stress - PPT Presentation

Session 2 Strategies to improve English Pronunciation By Ruth Wickham Training Fellow IPGKDRI Speak clearly to be understood Incorrect stress can cause misunderstanding just as much as incorrect sounds ID: 465358

syllable stress ize words stress syllable words ize 3rd examples rule ate policy falls university tion society ruth ise wickham electricity operationrelation

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Slide1

Stretch and Stress

Session 2: Strategies to improve English Pronunciation

By Ruth Wickham, Training Fellow, IPGKDRISlide2

Speak clearly to be understood

Incorrect stress

can cause misunderstanding just as much as incorrect sounds.Slide3

Stress and Unstress

What does STRESS sound like?

Louder

Longer

HigherSlide4

er

ar

or

ure

/

ə/

a

e

i

o

u

teach

er

coll

ar

doct

or

meas

ure

zebr

a

gard

e

n

foss

i

l

li

o

n

circ

u

s

What does UNSTRESS sound like?Slide5

Secret Weapon for Practising Stress!

OK let’s learn!Slide6

Words with 2 syllablesSlide7

Stress on the

1st

syllable:

MOST 2-syllable

nouns

and

adjectives

have stress on the

first

syllable.

BUT

ter

SAND

wichSlide8

Stress on the

LAST Syllable

MOST 2-syllable

verbs

have stress on the

LAST

syllable.

di

VIDE

re

CEIVESlide9

Word Stress that Changes

Some 2 syllable words change stress

depending on whether they are used as an adjective or a noun,

or a verb.Slide10

address

combat

compound

conduct

content

decrease

desert

export

frequent

insult

object

perfect

permit

present

protest

transport

These are called heteronymsSlide11

Rules for Longer Words:

Stress is attracted to certain syllables:

-

ic

-

sion

-

xion

The stress falls on the syllable just before ...

-

cion

-

tionSlide12

calculation decision

reaction

solution distribution operation

relation association

So where is the stress?Slide13

calculation decision

reaction

solution distribution operation

relation association

So where is the stress?Slide14

What is the pattern here?

economic terrific

strategic logic

pathogenic domestic

metabolic statisticSlide15

What is the pattern here?

eco

nom

ic

ter

rif

ic

stra

teg

ic

log

ic

patho

gen

ic

do

mest

ic

meta

bol

ic

sta

tist

icSlide16

Where is the stress?

biology biological

policy political

geography geographical

university

managerial

photography photographical

society sociological

technology technological

electricity electricalSlide17

Where is the stress?

bi

o

logy bio

lo

gical

po

licy po

li

tical

ge

o

graphy geo

gra

phical

uni

ver

sity

mana

ger

ial

pho

to

graphy photo

graph

ical

so

ci

ety socio

log

ical

tech

no

logy techno

lo

gical

elec

tri

city e

lect

rical

Rule for the left column?Slide18

What do they have in common?

bi

o

logy

po

licy

ge

o

graphy uni

ver

sity

pho

to

graphy so

ci

ety

tech

no

logy elec

tri

city

And where is the stress?Slide19

“3

rd

Last” Rule:

For words that end in consonant + y

-cy

-

ty

-

gy

-

phy

-

fy

Stress falls on the third last syllable.

* not -

lySlide20

More examples

quality

democracy

allergy

atrophy

clarify

equality

archaeology

choreographySlide21

Another “3

rd

Last” Rule:

In words that end in

-

ise

/ -

ize

-ate

stress falls on the

3

rd

last syllable.Slide22

Some –

ise / ize

examples:accessorise acclimatise

advertise globalise

agonise anesthetise anodise antagonise

apologise brutalise

computerise idolise

dehumanise

mobilise

legalise magnetise

organise dramatise emphasise energiseepitomise fantasise fertilise finalise Slide23

Some –ate examples

generate certificate passionategraduate advocate separateappropriate estimate associateconcentrate illustrate participate

immediate corporate chocolatenegotiate communicate accommodateadvocate anticipate delegateSome of these are heteronymsSlide24

Secondary

StressLong words have a second stressed syllable, with weaker stress.Slide25

Secondary Stress Example

as-SOC-i-A-tionPrimary stress

Secondary stressSlide26

Revision:

2 syllable nouns/adjectives: stress penultimate syllable (2

nd

last).

(many exceptions)

2 syllable verbs: stress ultimate (last) syllable.

(most)

Stress before –

ic

Stress before –

tion

(-

sion

, -

cion

, -

xion

)

Stress on ante-penultimate syllable (3

rd

last) for words that end in:

consonant plus y, (not –

ly

)

-

ise

(/-

ize

),

-ateSlide27

That wasn’t so hard now, was it?Slide28

Contact

Ruth Wickham: ruth.wickham@gmail.com

Website: http://ktf2012.weebly.com