a lways babbles but never talks HYDROLOGY Water is possibly the worlds most important commodity Water makes life possible on any planet Thats why we are always looking for water on other planetswhere there is water there is the possibility life ID: 715610
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Slide1
HYDROLOGYSlide2
HYDROLOGY
What has a bed, but never sleeps? What has mouth, but never eats? What always runs, but never walks? What
always babbles, but never talks?Slide3
HYDROLOGY
Water is possibly the world’s most important commodity.
Water makes
life possible on any planet. That’s why we are always looking for water on other planets…where there is water, there is the possibility life.Slide4
HYDROLOGY
Water is nearly everywhere on earth.
Even in the
desert, there are places we can find water.How do things in the desert find ways to survive with so little?Slide5
HYDROLOGY
Water has a special property of being able to change
state
readily at
natural
conditions.
Such conditions are
pressure
and
temperature. Slide6
HYDROLOGY
Water is constantly moving from one
state
to another because of this.This constant movement is called the hydrological cycle.Slide7
HYDROLOGY
When water is drawn into the air from the lakes and oceans, it is called
evaporation.
When water is drawn into the air from plants, it is called transpiration.
Over the course of a year, a field of crops transpire enough water to cover the field
two feet deep!Slide8
HYDROLOGY
When water vapor condenses and falls from the sky, it is called
precipitation.Slide9
HYDROLOGY
When the water meets the ground again, there are many things it does.
When it is absorbed into the ground, it is called
infiltration.
You were right, Jenkins. The water
has
infiltrated
the cave! We’re going in!Slide10
HYDROLOGY
When the amount of rain exceeds the earth’s ability to absorb it, the water flows off the land into the rivers and other water bodies.
This is called
runoff.If too much rain falls too quickly, what happens?Slide11
HYDROLOGY
In very cold areas, water doesn’t always do this.
Since it is too cold, water might freeze on contact and become part of the ice and is stored.Slide12
HYDROLOGY
If the glaciers were to suddenly melt, the world water level would rise several
dozen meters.
This would be enough to sink Manhattan and submerge most of Florida.Slide13
HYDROLOGY
This happening Is the plot of the popular Kevin Costner movie
Water World.Slide14
HYDROLOGY
We say that the hydrological cycle is constantly
balanced
.This is because there is always the same amount of water coming down as there is going up
…so to speak.Slide15
HYDROLOGY
As we have discussed, water is always
on the move.
For this reason, moving water is the single most
important factor
in
sculpting
the earth.Slide16
HYDROLOGY
Running water
is very important to our planet and important to us.
Ancient Egyptians actually depended on floods to grow crops.Slide17
HYDROLOGY
The
gradient
is the way we describe the vertical change in a stream over a certain distance.The greater the gradient, the greater a river’s
velocity
.Slide18
HYDROLOGY
When there is very little gradient, oftentimes
meanders
are created.These are rivers with many bends and turns.Slide19
HYDROLOGY
As rivers flow, they rip away parts of the banks and floors, gouging the river deeper into the landscape by a process called
erosion.
In meanders, this happens on the outside of a curve.Slide20
HYDROLOGY
The source area of a river is called its
head.
The area where it flows to the ocean is called the mouth.Slide21
HYDROLOGY
As you might imagine, rivers can’t erode down into the earth forever.
They have to reach what is called
base level.
Ow
…Slide22
HYDROLOGY
Sea level
is considered the
ultimate base level.Lakes and other small bodies of water can be temporary base levels.Slide23
HYDROLOGY
Dams
work by creating a gradient and using it.
They use the water’s natural movement to run a series of turbines which generate electricity.Las Vegas is powered largely by
Hoover Dam.Slide24
HYDROLOGY
Mineral deposits
can be created based on how much energy the river has at a certain point.
As the stream loses energy, they drop off various minerals.