GCSE & A-Level Advance Exam Information 2021-2022
Description: GCSE A-Level Advance Exam Information 2021-2022 What is advance information? Advance information is intended to communicate in advance some of the aspects of the specification that will be assessed in the examination papers. The breadth,
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slide1. GCSE & A-Level Advance Exam Information 2021-2022<br>
slide2. What is advance information? Advance information is intended to communicate in advance some of the aspects of the specification that will be assessed in the examination papers.
The breadth, depth and presentation of the advance information will vary between subjects to reflect their different characteristics.
The information will detail the focus of particular aspects of the examination; for example, the content, contexts, texts, topics, sub-topics, themes and skills that will be assessed in the 2022 exams.
This information will look different across a variety of subjects.
It will support revision in the time before the examination.<br>
slide3. Will advance information change how exams look/are structured? No. Advance information does not require any changes to a question paper’s usual structure, which means that the examination assessments will:
- Be familiar to teachers and students.
- Allow continued relevance of associated assessment and teaching resources, including past papers.
- Support student confidence in minimising the unexpected in the layout or structure of question papers.<br>
slide4. Which subjects have advance information? It will be available for the majority of GCSE, AS and A level subjects.
There will be advance information for all subjects except GCSE English Literature, History, Ancient History, Geography and Art and Design, and A and AS level Art and Design.
The exceptions are either because of the nature of assessments in those subjects (assessment is by NEA in art and design qualifications) or because, following consultation by DfE and Ofqual, it has been decided that advance information will not be provided in subjects where optionality (students having a choice) is being introduced for 2022.<br>
slide5. Does advance information cover everything on exams? NO.
The advance information will not always detail
everything that is in the examination. In some
cases this would risk good education,
progression, or fair results; in others it would
be unhelpful to teachers and students, for
example by listing topics that could lead to
excessive teaching or revision on areas that are
worth few marks.<br>
slide6. How and when should advance information be used? Advance information can be used from the point of release.
It can be used flexibly by centres to achieve its purpose of supporting revision.
It should not, however, be used to narrow teaching and learning.
It can be used by teachers in supporting their students’ revision and referred to by students in their revision and final examination preparation.
It cannot be brought into the examinations.
It will not be at a level that allows questions to be predicted or answers prepared. Preparation should continue to focus on knowledge and understanding that can be applied appropriately in the context of unseen examination questions.<br>
slide7. GCSE Advance Information Unit 1: Business in the real world
Purpose of Business
Basic functions and types
Dynamic nature (external environment
Business ownership – Partnerships
Business ownership – Private limited companies Ltds
What are business aims and objectives
Purpose of setting objectives
Basic financial calculations (revenue, costs and profit)
Methods of expansion
Benefits and drawbacks of expansion
Diseconomies of scale
Unit 2: Influences on Business
Consumer law Unit 3: Business Operations
Flow production
Efficiency: Lean production
Managing stick: Just in time and Just in case
Total Quality Management
Benefits of good customer service (cust satisfaction, cust loyalty, increased spend, profitability)
The ways in which ICT has improved customer service (websites, e-commerce)
Unit 4: Human Resources
Organisational Structures
Appropriateness of organisational structures
Methods of recruitment and selection of employees
Importance of motivation in the workforce
Methods to motivate staff
Importance of training the workforce
Types of training Subject: Business (Paper 1)<br>
slide8. GCSE Advance Information Unit 1: Business in the real world
Public Limited Companies PLCs
Purpose of business planning
Methods of expansion
Unit 2: Influences on Business
Ethical considerations
Sustainability (global warming, using scarce resources)
Interest rates (how fluctuating interest rates can affect businesses that rely on overdrafts and loans for finance)
Interest rates (how fluctuating interest rates can affect consumer and business spending)
Consumer spending
Unit 6: Finance
Sources of finance and appropriateness of these
Interpreting cash flow forecasts
Basic financial terms (Revenue, costs and profit)
Average Rate of Return (ARR)
Break-even
Components of financial statements Unit 5: Marketing
Purpose and methods of market research
Pricing methods including loss leader
Factors influencing price (costs, nature of the market, competition, product lifecycle)
Product (product differentiation, unique selling point, brand image)
Product lifecycle (research and development, introduction, growth, maturity, decline, extension strategies: updating packaging, adding more or different features, changing target market, advertising, price reduction)
Product portfolio
Promotional methods (PR, sponsorship)
Reasons for promotion (inform/remind customers about the product, create or increase sales, create or change the image of the product, persuade customers to buy the product)
Place (the different channels of distribution used by businesses including telesales
Integrated nature of the marketing mix Subject: Business (Paper 2)<br>
slide9. GCSE Advance Information Paper 1:
Calculation of averages (Mean)
Calculation of revenue, costs and profit
Interpretation of information from graphs and charts Subject: Business (Quantitative Skills) Paper 2:
Calculation of gross profit margin and net profit margin ratios
Average Rate of Return (ARR)
Cash flow forecasts, including total costs, total revenue and net cash flow
Interpretation of information from graphs and charts<br>
slide10. A-Level Advance Information YEAR 1 CONTENT
3.1.2 Understanding different business forms
3.1.3 Understanding that businesses operate within an external environment
3.2.2 Understanding management decision making
3.2.3 Understanding the role and importance of stakeholders
3.3.1 Setting marketing objectives
3.3.3 Making marketing decisions: segmentation, targeting, positioning
3.3.4 Making marketing decisions: using the marketing mix
3.4.3 Making operational decisions to improve performance: increasing efficiency and productivity
3.4.4 Making operational decisions to improve performance: improving quality
3.5.1 Setting financial objectives
3.5.2 Analysing financial performance
3.5.3 Making financial decisions: sources of finance
3.5.4 Making financial decisions: improving cash flow and profits
3.6.2 Analysing human resource performance
3.6.3 Making human resource decisions: improving organisational design and managing the human resource flow YEAR 2 CONTENT
3.7.1 Mission, corporate objectives and strategy
3.7.2 Analysing the existing internal position of a business to assess strengths and weaknesses: financial ratio analysis
3.7.3 Analysing the existing internal position of a business to assess strengths and weaknesses: overall performance
3.7.4 Analysing the external environment to assess opportunities and threats: political and legal change
3.8.1 Strategic direction: choosing which markets to compete in and what products to offer (Ansoff, Porter, Bowman)
3.8.2 Strategic positioning: choosing how to compete
3.9.1 Assessing a change in scale
3.9.4 Assessing greater use of digital technology
3.10.1 Managing change
3.10.3 Managing strategic implementation
3.10.4 Problems with strategy and why strategies fail Subject: Business (Paper 1) - Includes MCQs<br>
slide11. A-Level Advance Information YEAR 1 CONTENT
3.1.2 Understanding different business forms
3.3.1 Setting marketing objectivesÂ
3.3.2 Understanding markets and customers
3.3.3 Making marketing decisions: segmentation, targeting, positioningÂ
3.3.4 Making marketing decisions: using the marketing mix
3.4.5 Making operational decisions to improve performance: managing inventory and supply chains
3.6.4 Making human resource decisions: improving motivation and engagement
YEAR 2 CONTENT
3.7.5 Analysing the external environment to assess opportunities and threats: economic change
3.8.1 Strategic direction: choosing which markets to compete in and what products to offer (Ansoff)
3.9.1 Assessing a change in scale
3.10.4 Problems with strategy and why strategies fail Subject: Business (Paper 2)<br>
slide12. A-Level Advance Information YEAR 1 CONTENT
3.2.3 Understanding the role and importance of stakeholdersÂ
3.3.4 Making marketing decisions: using the marketing mixÂ
3.5.2 Analysing financial performance
3.5.3 Making financial decisions: sources of finance
3.5.4 Making financial decisions: improving cash flow and profits
YEAR 2 CONTENT
3.9.1 Assessing a change in scale
3.9.2 Assessing innovation
3.10.2 Managing organisational culture
3.10.3 Managing strategic implementationÂ
3.10.4 Problems with strategy and why strategies fail Subject: Business (Paper 3)<br>
slide13. A Level Advance Information Paper 1:
Calculate, use and understand percentages and percentage changes
Calculate, use and understand ratios, averages and fractions
Construct and interpret a range of standard graphical forms
Interpret, apply and analyse information in written, graphical and numerical forms
Calculate cost, revenue, profit and break-even Subject: Business (Quantitative Skills) Paper 2:
Calculate, use and understand percentages and percentage changes
Construct and interpret a range of standard graphical forms
Interpret, apply and analyse information in written, graphical and numerical forms
Interpret values of price and income elasticity of demand
Use and interpret quantitative and non-quantitative information in order to make decisions Paper 3:
Calculate, use and understand percentages and percentage changes
Calculate, use and understand ratios, averages and fractions
Construct and interpret a range of standard graphical forms
Interpret, apply and analyse information in written, graphical and numerical formsÂ
Use and interpret quantitative and non-quantitative information in order to make decisions<br>
slide14. A-Level Advance Information Subject: Accounting Paper 1
Section B
3.6 - Preparation of financial statements of sole traders
3.8 - Analysis and evaluation of financial information
3.16 - Accounting for limited companies
Section C
3.2 - Types of business organisation
3.15 - Partnership accounts
3.16 - Accounting for limited companies
3.17 - Interpretation, analysis and communication of accounting information Paper 2
Section B
3.10 - Marginal Costing
3.11 - Standard costing and variance analysis
Section C
3.12 - Absorption and activity based costing
3.13 - Capital investment appraisal Reminder:
Topics not listed will be assessed in Section A (multiple choice, short answer and method questions) as well as synoptic elements of section B and C questions<br>
slide15. What happens next…? Completion of teaching of the specification
Targeted homework tasks
Teaching focused on advance information areas
Intervention focused on advance information areas
Timed exam past paper practice
Student completion of revision materials
Student completion of feedback to mock exams
Any issues or questions – please ensure you ask?<br>
slide2. What is advance information? Advance information is intended to communicate in advance some of the aspects of the specification that will be assessed in the examination papers.
The breadth, depth and presentation of the advance information will vary between subjects to reflect their different characteristics.
The information will detail the focus of particular aspects of the examination; for example, the content, contexts, texts, topics, sub-topics, themes and skills that will be assessed in the 2022 exams.
This information will look different across a variety of subjects.
It will support revision in the time before the examination.<br>
slide3. Will advance information change how exams look/are structured? No. Advance information does not require any changes to a question paper’s usual structure, which means that the examination assessments will:
- Be familiar to teachers and students.
- Allow continued relevance of associated assessment and teaching resources, including past papers.
- Support student confidence in minimising the unexpected in the layout or structure of question papers.<br>
slide4. Which subjects have advance information? It will be available for the majority of GCSE, AS and A level subjects.
There will be advance information for all subjects except GCSE English Literature, History, Ancient History, Geography and Art and Design, and A and AS level Art and Design.
The exceptions are either because of the nature of assessments in those subjects (assessment is by NEA in art and design qualifications) or because, following consultation by DfE and Ofqual, it has been decided that advance information will not be provided in subjects where optionality (students having a choice) is being introduced for 2022.<br>
slide5. Does advance information cover everything on exams? NO.
The advance information will not always detail
everything that is in the examination. In some
cases this would risk good education,
progression, or fair results; in others it would
be unhelpful to teachers and students, for
example by listing topics that could lead to
excessive teaching or revision on areas that are
worth few marks.<br>
slide6. How and when should advance information be used? Advance information can be used from the point of release.
It can be used flexibly by centres to achieve its purpose of supporting revision.
It should not, however, be used to narrow teaching and learning.
It can be used by teachers in supporting their students’ revision and referred to by students in their revision and final examination preparation.
It cannot be brought into the examinations.
It will not be at a level that allows questions to be predicted or answers prepared. Preparation should continue to focus on knowledge and understanding that can be applied appropriately in the context of unseen examination questions.<br>
slide7. GCSE Advance Information Unit 1: Business in the real world
Purpose of Business
Basic functions and types
Dynamic nature (external environment
Business ownership – Partnerships
Business ownership – Private limited companies Ltds
What are business aims and objectives
Purpose of setting objectives
Basic financial calculations (revenue, costs and profit)
Methods of expansion
Benefits and drawbacks of expansion
Diseconomies of scale
Unit 2: Influences on Business
Consumer law Unit 3: Business Operations
Flow production
Efficiency: Lean production
Managing stick: Just in time and Just in case
Total Quality Management
Benefits of good customer service (cust satisfaction, cust loyalty, increased spend, profitability)
The ways in which ICT has improved customer service (websites, e-commerce)
Unit 4: Human Resources
Organisational Structures
Appropriateness of organisational structures
Methods of recruitment and selection of employees
Importance of motivation in the workforce
Methods to motivate staff
Importance of training the workforce
Types of training Subject: Business (Paper 1)<br>
slide8. GCSE Advance Information Unit 1: Business in the real world
Public Limited Companies PLCs
Purpose of business planning
Methods of expansion
Unit 2: Influences on Business
Ethical considerations
Sustainability (global warming, using scarce resources)
Interest rates (how fluctuating interest rates can affect businesses that rely on overdrafts and loans for finance)
Interest rates (how fluctuating interest rates can affect consumer and business spending)
Consumer spending
Unit 6: Finance
Sources of finance and appropriateness of these
Interpreting cash flow forecasts
Basic financial terms (Revenue, costs and profit)
Average Rate of Return (ARR)
Break-even
Components of financial statements Unit 5: Marketing
Purpose and methods of market research
Pricing methods including loss leader
Factors influencing price (costs, nature of the market, competition, product lifecycle)
Product (product differentiation, unique selling point, brand image)
Product lifecycle (research and development, introduction, growth, maturity, decline, extension strategies: updating packaging, adding more or different features, changing target market, advertising, price reduction)
Product portfolio
Promotional methods (PR, sponsorship)
Reasons for promotion (inform/remind customers about the product, create or increase sales, create or change the image of the product, persuade customers to buy the product)
Place (the different channels of distribution used by businesses including telesales
Integrated nature of the marketing mix Subject: Business (Paper 2)<br>
slide9. GCSE Advance Information Paper 1:
Calculation of averages (Mean)
Calculation of revenue, costs and profit
Interpretation of information from graphs and charts Subject: Business (Quantitative Skills) Paper 2:
Calculation of gross profit margin and net profit margin ratios
Average Rate of Return (ARR)
Cash flow forecasts, including total costs, total revenue and net cash flow
Interpretation of information from graphs and charts<br>
slide10. A-Level Advance Information YEAR 1 CONTENT
3.1.2 Understanding different business forms
3.1.3 Understanding that businesses operate within an external environment
3.2.2 Understanding management decision making
3.2.3 Understanding the role and importance of stakeholders
3.3.1 Setting marketing objectives
3.3.3 Making marketing decisions: segmentation, targeting, positioning
3.3.4 Making marketing decisions: using the marketing mix
3.4.3 Making operational decisions to improve performance: increasing efficiency and productivity
3.4.4 Making operational decisions to improve performance: improving quality
3.5.1 Setting financial objectives
3.5.2 Analysing financial performance
3.5.3 Making financial decisions: sources of finance
3.5.4 Making financial decisions: improving cash flow and profits
3.6.2 Analysing human resource performance
3.6.3 Making human resource decisions: improving organisational design and managing the human resource flow YEAR 2 CONTENT
3.7.1 Mission, corporate objectives and strategy
3.7.2 Analysing the existing internal position of a business to assess strengths and weaknesses: financial ratio analysis
3.7.3 Analysing the existing internal position of a business to assess strengths and weaknesses: overall performance
3.7.4 Analysing the external environment to assess opportunities and threats: political and legal change
3.8.1 Strategic direction: choosing which markets to compete in and what products to offer (Ansoff, Porter, Bowman)
3.8.2 Strategic positioning: choosing how to compete
3.9.1 Assessing a change in scale
3.9.4 Assessing greater use of digital technology
3.10.1 Managing change
3.10.3 Managing strategic implementation
3.10.4 Problems with strategy and why strategies fail Subject: Business (Paper 1) - Includes MCQs<br>
slide11. A-Level Advance Information YEAR 1 CONTENT
3.1.2 Understanding different business forms
3.3.1 Setting marketing objectivesÂ
3.3.2 Understanding markets and customers
3.3.3 Making marketing decisions: segmentation, targeting, positioningÂ
3.3.4 Making marketing decisions: using the marketing mix
3.4.5 Making operational decisions to improve performance: managing inventory and supply chains
3.6.4 Making human resource decisions: improving motivation and engagement
YEAR 2 CONTENT
3.7.5 Analysing the external environment to assess opportunities and threats: economic change
3.8.1 Strategic direction: choosing which markets to compete in and what products to offer (Ansoff)
3.9.1 Assessing a change in scale
3.10.4 Problems with strategy and why strategies fail Subject: Business (Paper 2)<br>
slide12. A-Level Advance Information YEAR 1 CONTENT
3.2.3 Understanding the role and importance of stakeholdersÂ
3.3.4 Making marketing decisions: using the marketing mixÂ
3.5.2 Analysing financial performance
3.5.3 Making financial decisions: sources of finance
3.5.4 Making financial decisions: improving cash flow and profits
YEAR 2 CONTENT
3.9.1 Assessing a change in scale
3.9.2 Assessing innovation
3.10.2 Managing organisational culture
3.10.3 Managing strategic implementationÂ
3.10.4 Problems with strategy and why strategies fail Subject: Business (Paper 3)<br>
slide13. A Level Advance Information Paper 1:
Calculate, use and understand percentages and percentage changes
Calculate, use and understand ratios, averages and fractions
Construct and interpret a range of standard graphical forms
Interpret, apply and analyse information in written, graphical and numerical forms
Calculate cost, revenue, profit and break-even Subject: Business (Quantitative Skills) Paper 2:
Calculate, use and understand percentages and percentage changes
Construct and interpret a range of standard graphical forms
Interpret, apply and analyse information in written, graphical and numerical forms
Interpret values of price and income elasticity of demand
Use and interpret quantitative and non-quantitative information in order to make decisions Paper 3:
Calculate, use and understand percentages and percentage changes
Calculate, use and understand ratios, averages and fractions
Construct and interpret a range of standard graphical forms
Interpret, apply and analyse information in written, graphical and numerical formsÂ
Use and interpret quantitative and non-quantitative information in order to make decisions<br>
slide14. A-Level Advance Information Subject: Accounting Paper 1
Section B
3.6 - Preparation of financial statements of sole traders
3.8 - Analysis and evaluation of financial information
3.16 - Accounting for limited companies
Section C
3.2 - Types of business organisation
3.15 - Partnership accounts
3.16 - Accounting for limited companies
3.17 - Interpretation, analysis and communication of accounting information Paper 2
Section B
3.10 - Marginal Costing
3.11 - Standard costing and variance analysis
Section C
3.12 - Absorption and activity based costing
3.13 - Capital investment appraisal Reminder:
Topics not listed will be assessed in Section A (multiple choice, short answer and method questions) as well as synoptic elements of section B and C questions<br>
slide15. What happens next…? Completion of teaching of the specification
Targeted homework tasks
Teaching focused on advance information areas
Intervention focused on advance information areas
Timed exam past paper practice
Student completion of revision materials
Student completion of feedback to mock exams
Any issues or questions – please ensure you ask?<br>