Phoneticsphonology :Second year (Lecture Two) Inst.Muna Dalaf English ppppppPPhoPhonetc المرحلة الثانية Chapter Two: The Production of Speech Sounds Articulators: are organs of speech. Q How do we produce sounds? We produce sounds when
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Phonetics&phonology :Second year
(Lecture Two)
Inst.Muna Dalaf English ppppppPPhoPhonetc المرحلة الثانية<br>
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Chapter Two: The Production of Speech Sounds<br>
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Articulators: are organs of speech.
Q/ How do we produce sounds?
We produce sounds when one articulator is in contact with or near to another articulator<br>
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The Main Articulators of speech: The Pharynx: is an unmovable organ of speech. It is a tube which beings above the larynx. It is about 7cm long in women and about 8cm in men.
Velum "Soft Palate": is an articulator which allows air to pass through the nose and through the mouth.<br>
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Q/ Why / K / and / g / are velar? (K) and (g) are velar because when we make the sounds /K/ and /g/, the tongue is in contact with the lower side of the velum and we call these velar "constants<br>
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The Hard Palate "Roof of The Mouth": is an articulator which is unmovable, that it's smooth curved surfaced with the tongue.
The Tongue
Q/ Why is the tongue very important?
The tongue is a movable speech organ. It is the most important of the organs of speech because of its greatest variety of movement.<br>
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The teeth "upper and lower": They are at the front of the mouth immediately behind the lips. They're unmovable organ. Sounds are made with the tongue touching the front teeth are called dental<br>
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The Alveolar Ridge: is unmovable organ. It is between the top front teeth and the hard palate. It is covered with little ridge. Sounds which made with the tongue touching here "such as t and d" are called alveolar.<br>
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The lips: are movable organs. They are very important in speech. They can be pressed together "/p/; /v/" and in this case called labiodental. Lips are contact with each other are called bilabial.<br>
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The shapes of the lips: Neutral shape.
Spread shape.
Open shape.
Open rounded.
Close rounded<br>
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The Secondary Articulators 1. The Larynx: is a very complex and independent articulator.
2. The Jaws:<br>
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Why are the Jaws not articulators?
Jaws are not articulators because they cannot themselves make contact with other articulators.
The Nose or "The Nasal Cavity": They are very important part of our equipment for making sounds.<br>
