The new technological inventions in present dayshave changed the human - PDF document

The new technological inventions in present dayshave changed the human life and brought asignificant change in the standard of living of everyindividual from prince to pariah in the society. Thuslife without technology is highly unthinkable in thecontemporary world and rapid industrialization isthe outcome of such need of the mankind. At thesame time industrialization has brought in its wakemany problems like industrial accidents and otheroccupational health related issues of the workersworking in the industries. Despite of a plethora oflegislations at national and International leveland various safety mechanisms3 and devices aresuggested and standard of work environment areadvised, at many times it is found that by breachof safety norms there is rise in consequences suchas accident, dangerous occurrence, occupationaldisease apart from emergency and disaster invarious industries. Such consequences effect forabout 70 percent of adult men and up to 60percent of adult women throughout the world,estimated 40 million adults are finally effected orloss their life in the industrial sector4. Such incidentscreate a moral pressure among the user of suchgoods produced. Now a days the consumers inadvanced countries are feeling guilty of the matterthat they are enjoying the sweat and blood of thepersons working for their enjoyment. And theworkers are forced to work in an unsafe workingOccupational Health Hazards and SafetyManagement for Industrial WKumuda Bandhu Jadabcondition only for their subsistence. This leads toa situation that the real be

nefit of industrializationis although available to the purchaser but notreaching to the persons responsible for itsproduction. Thus, it creates a disparity anddiscontentment among the later group. This canbe eliminated by taking greater care and betterplanning in the managerial level of the industrialestablishments. The present paper is an attemptto verify the concept of occupational safety andhealth hazards for the industrial workers,Occupational Health and Safety ManagementSystems provided by international level andsuggests measures to eliminate accident and otheroccupational health related issues.Occupational safety and healthOccupational Safety and Health5is a cross-disciplinary area concerned withprotecting the safety of peopleengaged in work or employment. The goal ofoccupational safety and health programmes is tofoster a safe and healthy work environment. Assecondary effects, OSH may also protect co-workers, family members, employers, customers,suppliers, nearby communities, and othermembers of the public who are impacted by theworkplace environment as well as reduce medicalcare, sick leave and disability benefit costs. OSHmay involve interactions among many subject 65 Odisha ReviewOctober - 2012 conditions, moving and/or unprotected parts ofmachinery, or general equipment failure. Theseoccupational health hazards exist fairly equally indeveloped and undeveloped countries, regardlessof industry. One of the most common work-related injuries to occur globally is thedevelopment of musculoskeletal disorders causedby heavy li

fting and performing tasks that requirerepetitive motions. These occupational healthhazards are also responsible for the most incidentsof disability claims, whether temporary, long-term,or permanent. Muscle injuries due to physicalstress most often occur in occupations such asconstruction and farming, while repetitive motioninjuries are most often sustained in environmentsrelated to services that typically involve heavytyping and data entry. Also grouped into thiscategory of occupational health hazards areergonomically poor working conditions andequipment. Hearing loss is another hazardencountered by those who work in industries suchas construction and manufacturing. In fact, hearingloss ranks with mechanical hazards in terms ofbeing one of the most common occupational healthhazards in both developed and developingcountries. Typically, hearing loss occurs over timefrom chronic exposure to noisy machinery withoutthe use of earmuffs designed to protecting hearing.Even long-term exposure to vibrations cancontribute to hearing loss. Exposure to chemicalsand other biological agents account for one ofthe most common and most harmful ofoccupational health hazards that effect severalindustries. The health risks from these hazardsinclude liver damage, cancer, and reproductivedisorders from chronic exposure to pesticides,heavy metals, and corrosive substances. Healthcare workers are at particular risk for contactingdiseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, andhepatitis B and hepatitis C. Others, such as thosewho work in agriculture, are at incr

eased risk ofinfections caused by fungi and parasites. Othergroups are impacted by a high incidence of skinand respiratory disorders due to exposure toallergens, such as mold, bacteria, and organicdusts.Occupational health and safety managementin international levelThe International Labour Organization(ILO) : published a standard ILO-OSH 20019which is similar to OHSAS 18001. The system isbased on five steps Policy, Organizing, Planning& Implementation, Evaluation, and Action forimprovement. This is supported by auditing withan emphasis on continuous improvement. TheILO management system was created to assistemployers to keep pace with rapidly shifting andcompetitive industrial environments. The ILOrecognizes that national legislation is essential, butsometimes insufficient on its own to address thechallenges faced by industry, and therefore electedto ensure free and open distribution ofadministrative tools in the form of occupationalhealth and safety management system guidancefor everyone. This open access forum is intendedto provide the tools for industry to create safeand healthy working environments and fosterpositive safety cultures within the organizations.10OHSAS 18000 is an internationaloccupational health and safety managementsystem specification. It comprises two parts,18001 and 18002 and embraces a number ofother publications. OHSAS 18000 is theinternationally recognized assessmentspecification for occupational health and safetymanagement systems. It was developed by aselection of leading trade bodies, internationalstandards

and certification bodies to address agap where no third-party certifiable internationalstandard exists. This internationally recognizedspecification for occupational health and safety 67 Odisha ReviewOctober - 2012 ConclusionOccupational health and safety now hasan impact on every worker, in every work place,and those charged with managing health and safetyare having more and more tasks added to theirportfolio. The most significant responsibility isenvironmental protection. The skills required tomanage occupational health and safety arecompatible with environmental protection, whichis why these responsibilities are so often boltedonto the workplace health and safety professional.On an international scale, the WorldHealth Organization (WHO) and the InternationalLabour Organization (ILO) have begun focusingattention on the labour environments in developingnations with projects such as Healthy This focus is well-placed, as manydeveloping countries are caught in a trap: Theyhave fewer resources to invest in OSH, yetbecause of this, they must also suffer fromincreased costs of work-related illnesses andaccidents.To overcome from such a position everyfactory or establishment should make a safetyaudit of the factory’s safety and health system andformulate an action plan to eliminate accident andother occupational health related issues. This canbe done by:-·Making internal safety audit and externalsafety audit at a regular interval preferablyonce in a year.·Verify the compliance of standards withthe prescribed standards.·Identify

plant conditions and operatingprocedures that could lead to accidents.·Maintenance of plant and operatingsystem that can cause accident.·Educating the personnel working inhazardous area about the prospectivehazards and about the safety mechanismsthat can help them in dangerous situation.Such steps can be helpful to mitigate- thenumber of accidents .The safety Audit system should also beconcerned about the fallowing things to mitigateoccupational health hazard:-·Concerned about the products, byproducts , the raw materials used and thechemicals used in the factory orestablishment and its effect on the workenvironment.The type of occupational health problemsfaced by the workers of theestablishment.The amount of heat and toxic materialsemitted by the establishment.·Identify the areas potential of occupationaldiseases.A regular Heath check-up of the workingpersons for the occupational diseases.Finally it can be stated that the sincerityin the managerial level of the industries to takeeffective steps to mitigate the health hazards ofthe workmen can definitely be helpful to curb theoccupational health hazard among the workmenand they also can enjoy the industrialization.A 2007 Factsheet from the European Agencyfor Safety and Health at Worksites :Countries with less developed OSHsystems spend a far higher percentage of GDPon work-related injury and illness — takingresources away from more productive activities.[...] The ILO estimates that work-related illnessand accidents cost up to 10 % of GDP in Latin 69 Odisha ReviewOctober -