Manchuria 1931 Northern province of China Japanese problem overpopulation and lack of natural resources Military take over League of Nations impose sanctions restrictions slap on the wrist ID: 524986
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Axis Aggression Around the World 1931-1939Slide2
Manchuria (1931)
Northern province of China
Japanese problem – overpopulation and lack of
natural resources.
Military take over“League of Nations” – impose sanctions (restrictions) – slap on the wrist1937 Japan invades China proper – Peking / Shanghai / NankingMost famous is the Rape of Nanking- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L_XzRaEAer4Slide3
Germany- Hitler Assumes Power (1933)
German Economic decline in 1920’s – Hitler and Germans in general resent the Treaty of Versailles
Bullying tactics – Jews to blame
“Brown shirts” – supporters of Hitler
Took control of the legislature (1933)First concentration campshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2YEUhHFMHY Slide4
Ethiopia (1935)
Mussolini expansionist goals “The Country is Nothing without Conquest”- This means he is a what?
Invade the African nation of Ethiopia
League of Nations branded Italy an aggressor
a. Economic sanctions (minor) b. No embargo on most essential import (Oil) c. Sanctions were very weak4. Italy not concerned and still annexed EthiopiaSlide5
German Remilitarization (1935-36)
Violated Treaty of Versailles
a. Reintroducing conscription- compulsory service in the army
b. Remilitarizing the Rhineland (location between France and Germany)No Allied effort to enforce Treaty of VersaillesGermany’s military strength was still suspect, Allies not overly concerned Slide6
Spain 1936
General Francisco Franco – leads revolt against legal government (legal government was supported by
R
ussia)
Franco support from Italy and GermanySpain was to be a testing ground for new weaponsSpanish Civil War ends with Franco victoryRemain neutral during World War IISlide7
China - 1937
Japan drives down through mainland
Chinese Civil War between Nationalists and
C
ommunists1940 Japan controlled most of eastern ChinaSlide8
Austria - 1938
Hitler invades and annexes Austria on the grounds that all German-speaking people belonged within one German nation
Anschluss
union of Germany and Austria violated WW I peace treaty
- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t75ldUNc2Xw Slide9
Czechoslovakia - 1938
Sudetenland
Region in Czech bordering on Germany – inhabited with German speaking people
Sudetens
not oppressed by Hitler – stories of atrocities (propaganda)- Czech. Govt. refused to yield – alliance with Russia, France, and BritainSlide10
Munich Conference
Great Britain – Neville Chamberlain
France –
Edouard
DaladierItaly – MussoliniGermany - HitlerSlide11
Meeting at Munich Germany
Allowed Hitler to annex the Sudetenland
Hitler – promise not to demand any more territory
“Peace in our Time” – Chamberlain
Concept known as “appeasement”- giving in to a demand, in order for your enemy to stop doing bad thingsSlide12
Seizure of Czechoslovakia
Six months later Hitler seized the rest of Czechoslovakia
France / Great Britain– now have no trust in Hitler
F/GB promise protection to the next probable victim – PolandSlide13
Europe Goes to War
Chamberlain’s Appeasement was a failure
Great Britain and France
p
ledge to protect PolandGermany / Soviet Union 10 Year – Non-Aggression Pact (August, 1939)- Prevents Germany from having to fight war on two frontsInvasion of Poland – Sept 1st, 1939Kickstarts the Lightning War – “Blitzkrieg”- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ha0qKquG2E
France and GB declare war on Germany – September 3
rd
, 1939Slide14
Albania - 1939
Annexed by Mussolini
Italy control of the Adriatic SeaSlide15
War in the West
Quiet period after fall of Poland
American
p
ress call it a “phony war”France fortifies its defenses “Maginot Line”Phony war comes to an end – April 9, 1940 – attack on Denmark and NorwayMay 10th blitz of the Netherlands, Belgium, and LuxembourgInvasion of Northern France – splitting France forces in half – all the way to the English channelSlide16
Miracle at “Dunkirk”
http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=5-ni8Nz8j04
Fall of France abandoned Paris – June 10, 1940France surrenders – June 22nd, 1940http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=003iC7VZmYc Slide17
Battle of Britain
August - September 1940 – Greatest air assault in World War II begins
- http
://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=nCfRxcIDIIs Luftwaffe (German Air Force) vs. Royal Air Force (British Air Force)Rules of WarBombing of London (Berlin in retaliation)Break Hitler’s codeBombings end – 1941Will of British civilians – helped salvage the warSlide18
Two Major Axis Mistakes
Germany attacks the Soviet Union in June of 1941
Japanese attack U.S. at Pearl Harbor, Dec. 7
th
1941 “A Day that will live in Infamy”- Pearl Harbor sceneU.S. Declares war on Dec. 8th, 1941Retaliation to JapanFear of Germany- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QT8MEXdr6tw