PPT-Carboxylic Acids

Chapter 18 Carboxylic Acids In this chapter we study carboxylic acids another class of organic compounds containing the carbonyl group The functional group of a carboxylic acid is a carboxyl group. Aldehydes. The term Aldehyde come for the words . al. cohol . dehy. drogenation. . Preparation: Oxidation of primary alcohols according to the following equation:. Note: Oxidation can be considered as removal of hydrogens. 2. Introduction. The functional group of carboxylic acids consists of a C=O with -OH bonded to the same carbon.. Carboxyl group is usually written -COOH.. Aliphatic acids have an alkyl group bonded to -COOH.. Dr. . Sheppard. CHEM . 2412. Summer 2015. Klein (2. nd. ed. .) . sections: 21.1, 21.2, 21.6, 21.3, 21.15,. . . 21.4, 21.5, 21.10, 21.7, 21.8,. . . 21.9, 21.11, 21.12, 21.13, 21.14. Alcohol Reactions. 1. Dehydration - . elimination of water. water is eliminated from adjacent carbon atoms and a second bond is formed between the 2 carbon atoms. uses a large amount of alcohol and a small amount of acid (H. Chapter . 24. Chemistry 100. Organic Chemistry. Historically: the chemistry of products from plants and animals. Today: The chemistry of carbon- containing compounds. Wöhler (1828) made urea from ammonium cyanate. 20-1. Carboxylic acid derivatives undergo substitution reactions via the (often acid- or base-catalyzed) addition-elimination sequence:. The relative reactivities of the substrates follow a consistent order:. 19-4. Carboxylic acids are relatively strong acids.. Carboxylic acids have much lower pK. a. values than do alcohols.. The lowered pK. a. values are due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the positively polarized carbonyl carbon and the resonance stabilization of the carboxylate group.. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. Chapter 14. 1. Carboxylic acids. The . carboxyl group. consists of carbonyl and hydroxyl groups attached to the same carbon.. carb. onyl + hydr. oxyl. . = . carboxyl. An . Functional groups. Acid and esters. . Formic acid. 14.1 . Karboxylsyrer. Structure. Carboxylic acid groups consist of two very polar functional groups. Carbonyl group. Hydroxyl group. Carboxylic acid groups are very polar. Joe . McKinney, Stephanie Richard. and Heather Newman. Formation of Carboxylic Acid. Carboxylic Acids. Waste oils contain a variety of carboxylic acid impurities.. Carboxylic acids can corrode engines over time.. Book chapter: 14. Pages: 472-511. Carbon atom of a carbonyl group is attached to a hydroxyl group forming a carboxyl group. As functional group – attached to an alkyl group or an aromatic group. IUPAC names. RCOOH and . ArCOOH. Functional Group =. O. C -OH. Common Names…. 1C – Formic Acid (. Methanoic. Acid). From Formaldehyde (. methanal. ). . 2C – Acetic Acid (. Ethanoic. Acid). From Acetaldehyde (. Ch. 11.4. Combustion of alcohols . Alcohols undergo complete combustion to form carbon dioxide and water.. Denatured alcohol is a useful portable fuel (e.g. for camping stoves) as, unlike LPG, it does not need to be transported in heavy, specialized containers. It is also used as a solvent.. Biology. Shane . Lamos. Vermont Genetics Network Annual Retreat. August 7, 2013. 1. Systems Biology -. 2. Seeks to discover the link between molecules and physiology . Top Down – “. omics. ”, phenomenon based.