Genetic engineering involves manipulating genes for practical purposes Gene cloning leads to the production of multiple identical copies of a genecarrying piece of DNA Recombinant DNA is formed by joining DNA sequences from two different sources ID: 495041
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Genetic Engineering
Genetic engineering involves manipulating genes for practical purposes Gene cloning leads to the production of multiple identical copies of a gene-carrying piece of DNARecombinant DNA is formed by joining DNA sequences from two different sourcesOne source contains the gene that will be cloned Another source is a gene carrier, called a vectorPlasmids (small, circular DNA molecules independent of the bacterial chromosome) are often used as vectors
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Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.Slide2
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Examples of
gene use
RecombinantDNAplasmid
E. coli
bacterium
Plasmid
Bacterial
chromosome
Gene of interest
DNA
Gene
of interest
Cell with DNA
containing gene
of interest
Recombinant
bacterium
Cloneof cells
Genes may be insertedinto other organisms
Genes or proteinsare isolated from thecloned bacterium
Harvestedproteinsmay be used directly
Examples ofprotein use
Gene
of interest
Isolate
plasmid
1
Isolate
DNA
2
Cut plasmid
with enzyme
3
Cut cell’s DNA
with same enzyme
4
Combine targeted fragment
and plasmid DNA
5
Add DNA ligase,
which closes
the circle with
covalent bonds
6
Put plasmid
into bacterium
by transformation
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Allow bacterium
to reproduce
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