Mental and Emotional Health - PowerPoint Presentation

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Mental and Emotional Health

2016

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Mental Health: The ability to accept yourself and others, adapt to and manage emotions, and deal with the demands and challenges of life.

Mental Health Notes

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The Teen Brain:

Under Construction

Teenage Brain is at a Disadvantage

MAIN POINTS:Stressors may be more stressful for teensEmotions more intense for teensDecision-making and long-range planning is harder for teensDesire to take risks and enjoyment from risk-taking higher in teensVulnerability for mental illness higher

What can teens do to keep their minds healthy?

USE IT! Think, read, learn, communicate

Sleep, eat well, and exercise

Avoid substances that alter your brain – Alcohol, tobacco, drugs

Manage stress and think positively

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They feel good about themselves:Positive self-image, self-acceptance, self-awareness

 

1.

They are not overwhelmed by their own emotions - fears, anger, love, jealousy, guilt or worries.

2.

They can take life’s disappointments in their stride.

3.

They have a tolerant, easy-going attitude towards themselves as well as others and they can laugh at themselves.

4.

They neither underestimate nor overestimate their abilities.

 

5.

They can accept their own shortcomings.

 

6.

They have self-respect.

 

7.

They feel able to deal with most situations.

 

8.

They can take pleasure in simple, everyday things.

 

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 9.They are able to give love and consider the interests of others. 10.They have personal relationships that are satisfying and lasting.11.They like and trust others, and feel that others will like and trust them.12.They respect the many differences they find in people.13.They do not take advantage of others nor allow others to take advantage of them.14.They feel they can be part of a group.15.They feel a sense of responsibility to fellow human beings.

They feel comfortable with other people

:

Accept others, positive relationships, celebrates differences

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They are able to meet the demands of life:Enthusiastic, Resilient, Manage Stress, Motivated, Set Goals

16.

They do something about their problems as they arise.

17.

They accept their responsibilities.

18.

They shape their environment whenever possible; they adjust to it whenever necessary.

19.

They try to plan ahead and do not fear the future.

20.

They welcome new experiences and new ideas.

21.

They use their talents.

22.

They set realistic goals for themselves.

23.

They are able to make their own decisions.

24.

They put their best effort into what they do, and get satisfaction from doing it.

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The Power of The Mind

Can you really change your reality just by changing your thoughts?

If so…

Would you change what you think about?

What would you focus your thoughts on?

What realities would you try to manifest?

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Be a Product of Your Choices,Not Your Circumstances

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Are you a

Tigger or an Eeyore?

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Philosophy for a Happy Life

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Are you a mentally healthy person? Explain.Are you a happy person living a happy life? Or are you “just not a sad person” getting by? What tips from today could you implement into your life to be a more happy and mentally healthy person?

Short Write

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Stress

Savior to Killer

Questions for Discussion:

What hormone is mainly responsible for the changes that take place during the stress response?What organs/systems in the body are affected by the stress response?What provokes the stress response?Is stress a positive or negative thing? How has stress gone from “Savior” to “Killer”?

Stress and the Body

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Types of Stress

Motivates, focuses energy

Is short-term Is perceived as within our coping abilities Feels exciting Improves performanceTHE KIND WE WANT!

Causes anxiety or concern

Can be short- or long-term

Is perceived as outside of our coping abilities

Feels unpleasant

Decreases performance

Can lead to mental and physical problems

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The Stress Response

Automatic response to a

perceived

threat

Was

necessary for

survival

Can still be helpful,

b

ut for most people it

b

ecomes hurtful

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Chronic Stress

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Can cause issues with fertility and reproduction

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Do you explain away stress as temporary (“I just have a million things going on right now”) even though you can’t remember the last time you took a breather?Do you define stress as an integral part of your work or home life (“Things are always crazy around here”) or as a part of your personality (“I have a lot of nervous energy, that’s all”)?Do you blame your stress on other people or outside events, or view it as entirely normal and unexceptional?

Let’s Talk About Stress:

Self-Assessment

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Power of Thought

The single

best

thing you can do for

your mental health is to choose

positive thoughts

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Avoid unnecessary stressIt’s not healthy to avoid a stressful situation that needs to be addressed, but you may be surprised by the number of stressors in your life that you can eliminate.Alter the situationIf you can’t avoid a stressful situation, try to alter it. Often, this involves changing the way you communicate and operate in your daily life.Adapt to the stressorHow you think can have a profound effect on your stress levels. Each time you think a negative thought about yourself, your body reacts as if it were in the throes of a tension-filled situation. Regain your sense of control by changing your expectations and attitude to stressful situations.Accept the things you can’t changeSome sources of stress are unavoidable. You can’t prevent or change stressors such as the death of a loved one, a serious illness, or a national recession. In such cases, the best way to cope with stress is to accept things as they are. Acceptance may be difficult, but in the long run, it’s easier than railing against a situation you can’t change.

4As of Stress Management

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What are your biggest sources of stress and anxiety? What brings you down?

Do you have the ability to remove the stressor?

If yes, how can you?

If no, how can you perceive things differently

In order to remove this “stressor” from your life?

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What is a successful person?

Can we

be both

successful and without stress? How?

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Seven Habits of Highly Effective People:

An Overview

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1) BE PROACTIVEChoose to be happyPause and think before respondingFocus on what you can controlProduct of choices rather than circumstances

Stress Management Through the Seven Habits

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2) BEGIN WITH THE END IN MINDKnow the direction you are going in your lifeAsk, “Will this matter in a year or five?”Know how you want to feel at the end of a test, conversation, or the end of the day – this helps decision making to be easier

Stress Management Through the Seven Habits

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Jar of LifeWhat are your “TENNIS BALLS” (rocks, golf balls, etc.)?What are the “pebbles and sand” in your life? (little things)

Put FIRST THINGS… FIRST!

Time management

PrioritizeDo what is important even if it is not urgentLive “north of the line”(productive zone)

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DO NOW:What words are often used to describe people who are mentally ill?What mental illnesses have you heard of before?

Mental Health Part II:

Mental Illness

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A mental illness is a medical condition that disrupts a person's thinking, feeling, mood, ability to relate to others and daily functioning. Just as diabetes is a disorder of the pancreas, mental illnesses are medical conditions that often result in a diminished capacity for coping with the ordinary demands of life.Mental illnesses can affect persons of any age, race, religion or income. Mental illnesses are not the result of personal weakness, lack of character or poor upbringing. Mental illnesses are treatable. Most people diagnosed with a serious mental illness can experience relief from their symptoms by actively participating in an individual treatment plan.

What is a mental illness?

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Examples of Mental Illnesses

Anxiety Disorders: disturbances in mechanisms designed to protect you from harm

Specific PhobiasGeneral Anxiety DisordersSocial Anxiety DisordersPanic DisorderAgoraphobiaObsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)Mood Disorders: disturbances in usual mood statesMajor Depressive Disorder (Clinical Depression)Bipolar DisorderPsychotic Disorders: disturbance of thinking perception and behaviorSchizophreniaDelusion DisorderPersonality Disorders: maladaptive personal characteristicsEccentric: Paranoid, Schizoid, SchizotypalDramatic/Emotional: Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, NarcissisticFear-Related: Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

Eating Disorders: disturbances of weight and feeding behavior

Anorexia Nervosa

Bulimia Nervosa

Anorexia

Athletica

Exercise

Bulimia

Binge-Eating

disorder

Developmental

Disorders: early disturbances in usual brain development

Autism Spectrum disorders

Attention

Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Learning Disorders

Behavioral

Disorders: persistent disturbances in expected

behaviors

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

Conduct Disorder

Addictions: disorders of craving

Substance Abuse/Dependence

Behavioral

Addiction:

ie.Gambling

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Prevalence

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Abraham Lincoln: severe and incapacitating depressionLudwig van Beethoven: Bipolar DisorderVincent Van Gogh: Bipolar Disorder Isaac Newton: Manic Depression Ernest Hemingway: Depression Michael Phelps: ADHDHowie Mandel: OCDThere are many examples of highly successful people who have a diagnosed mental illness throughout history.

Abnormal

is not synonymous with

bad!

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Mental Health Professionals

Psychiatrist

A licensed physician who can

prescribe

medication, and can have people admitted to hospitals.

Psychologist

Health

professional who has a Ph.D. in Counseling or clinical psychology. They are trained in various types of therapy. Can do individual and group counseling sessions.

Social

Worker

Health

professional who has a Masters' Degree. A profession or work of providing people in need with social services.

Counselor

Health

professional with a Master's Degree in counseling or psychology. Advisor on personal problems

. Somebody

who helps others with personal, social, or psychological problems.

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TREATMENT

It is important to remember that all psychological disorders can be treated.Counseling and medication often help.

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Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling mental disorder characterized by

deficits in thought processes

,

perceptions

, and

emotional responsiveness

.

Delusions

, thought disorders, and

hallucinations

People

with schizophrenia may hear voices other people don't hear, or believe other people are reading their minds, controlling their thoughts, or plotting to harm

them (paranoia)

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Anxiety Disorders

Agoraphobia Generalized Anxiety Disorder Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Panic Disorder Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Social Phobia Specific Phobia

The

amygdala

is an almond-shaped structure deep in the brain that is believed to be a communications hub between the parts of the brain that process incoming sensory signals and the parts that interpret these signals. It can alert the rest of the brain that a threat is present and trigger a fear or anxiety response. The emotional memories stored in the central part of the amygdala may play a role in anxiety disorders involving very distinct fears, such as fears of dogs, spiders, or flying.

The

hippocampus

is the part of the brain that encodes threatening events into memories.

Studies have shown that the hippocampus appears to be smaller in some people who were victims of child abuse or who served in military combat.

Research will determine what causes this reduction in size and what role it plays in the flashbacks, deficits in explicit memory, and fragmented memories of the traumatic event that are common in PTSD.

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1. Arachnophobia:The fear of spiders.2. Ophidiophobia:The fear of snakes.3. Acrophobia:The fear of heights.4. Agoraphobia:The fear of situations in which escape is difficult.This may include crowded areas, open spaces, or situations that are likely to trigger a panic attack. People will begin avoiding these trigger events, sometimes to the point that they cease leaving their home.5. Cynophobia: The fear of dogs.This phobia is often associated with specific personal experiences, such as being bitten by a dog during childhood.

Most Common Phobias

6. Astraphobia:

The fear of thunder and lightening.

7

.

Trypanophobia

:

The fear of injections.

Like many phobias, this fear often goes untreated because people avoid the triggering object and situation.

8. Social Phobias:

The fear of social situations.

In many cases, these phobias can become so severe that people avoid events, places, and people that are likely to trigger an anxiety attack.

9.

Pteromerhanophobia

:

The fear of flying.

Often treated using exposure therapy, in which the client is gradually and progressively introduced to flying.

10.

Mysophobia

:

The fear of germs or dirt.

May be related to

obsessive-compulsive disorder

.

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PTSD: Post traumatic stress disorder

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Claustrophobia

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Social Anxiety Disorder

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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

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Bipolar

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Bipolar should not be used to describe all people whose mood fluctuates… *SeratoninMania – almost euphoric feeling (high)-----------------------------------------“Normal”--------------------------------------------Depression – suicidal (low)

Bipolar Disorder

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Depression

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Signs and symptoms of Depression include:

Persistent sad, anxious, or "empty" feelings

Feelings of hopelessness or pessimism

Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, or helplessness

Irritability, restlessness

Loss of interest in activities or hobbies once pleasurable

Fatigue and decreased energy

Difficulty concentrating, remembering details, and making decisions

Insomnia, early-morning wakefulness, or excessive sleeping

Overeating, or appetite loss

Thoughts of suicide, suicide attempts

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Multiple Personality Disorder

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Personality Disorders

A personality disorder is a type of mental illness in which a person has trouble perceiving and relating to situations and to people — including him or herself.

There are many specific types of personality disorders.

These may include but are not limited to:

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Borderline Personality Disorder

In general, having a personality disorder means a person has a rigid and unhealthy pattern of thinking and behaving no matter what the situation.

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Causes serious disturbances to your everyday diet, such as eating extremely small amounts of food or severely overeating. A person with an eating disorder may have started out just eating smaller or larger amounts of food, but at some point, the urge to eat less or more spiraled out of control.Severe distress or concern about body weight or shape may also signal an eating disorder. Common eating disorders include anorexia nervosa – fear of gaining weight; avoidance of caloriesbulimia nervosa – control; binge and purge binge-eating disorder – emotions/control; excessive caloric intake

Eating Disorders

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Distorted Body Image

– Many

people with anorexia nervosa see themselves as overweight, even when they are clearly underweight. Eating, food, and weight control become obsessions. Signs/Clues:weigh themselves repeatedly portion food carefully and eat very small quantities of only certain foods. Some people with anorexia nervosa may also engage in binge-eating followed by extreme dieting, excessive exercise, self-induced vomiting, and/or misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or enemas. (like those with bulimia do)

Anorexia nervosa

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Characterized by “binge” and “purge” Binge – eating very large portions of food in short amounts of timePurge – ridding the body of that food Usually in the form of vomiting, laxative use, and sometimes excessive exerciseAn attempt at controlling an uncontrollable worldMay be harder to detect in a friend/loved one because weight does not significantly change.

Bulimia nervosa

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WHEN WORKING OUT BECOMES AN OBSESSIONNot a formal diagnosis. The behaviors are usually a part of anorexia nervosa, bulimia, or obsessive-compulsive disorder. The person repeatedly exercises beyond the requirements for good health. May obsess about weight and diet. Steals time to exercise from work, school, and relationships. Focuses on challenge. Forgets that physical activity can be fun. Defines self-worth in terms of performance Is rarely or never satisfied with athletic achievements. Does not savor victory. Pushes on to the next challenge immediately. Justifies excessive behavior by defining self as a "special" elite athlete. Compulsive exercising is not an official diagnosis as are anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating disorder. We include it here because many people who are preoccupied with food and weight exercise compulsively in attempts to control weight. The real issues are not weight and performance excellence but rather control and self-respect. For more information, go to Athletes With Eating Disorders and Males and Females and Obligatory Exercise.

Anorexia

athletica

(compulsive exercising)

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How is manic depression (bipolar) different from major depression?Which character(s) had the most success with their treatments? What evidence did you see to support this idea?Which character(s) did not have success with their treatments? What evidence did you see to support this idea?

“Back From Madness”

Questions