Mental Disorders A mental disorder is an illness of the mind that can affect the thoughts feelings and behaviors of a person preventing him or her from leading a happy healthful and productive life ID: 546465
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Mental and Emotional Problems
Mental DisordersSlide2
A mental disorder is an illness of the mind that can affect the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of a person, preventing him or her from leading a happy, healthful, and productive life.
What are Mental Disorders?Slide3
An estimated 26.2 percent of Americans ages 18 and older — about one in four adults — suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder in a given year.
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When applied to the 2004 U.S. Census residential population estimate for ages 18 and older, this figure translates to 57.7 million people.
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References1. Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Walters EE. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of twelve-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). Archives of General Psychiatry, 2005 Jun;62(6):617-27.2. U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates by Demographic Characteristics. Table 2: Annual Estimates of the Population by Selected Age Groups and Sex for the United States: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2004 (NC-EST2004-02) Source: Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau Release Date: June 9, 2005. http://www.census.gov/popest/national/asrh/
Why should I care about mental disorders? Slide4
Types of Mental Disorders
Organic Disorder
Functional Disorder
It is caused by a physical illness or an injury that
affects the brain.
Possible causes:
Brain tumors
Infections
Chemical imbalances
Exposure to drugs and toxins
Injuries resulting in brain damage
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Types of Mental Disorders
It has a psychological cause and does not involve brain
damage.
Possible causes:
Heredity
Stress
Emotional conflict
Fear
Ineffective coping skills
Disturbing events in childhood or in the recent past
Functional Disorder
Organic DisorderSlide6
Anxiety DisordersMood Disorders
Eating Disorders
Conduct Disorders
Schizophrenia
Types of Mental DisordersSlide7
Anxiety disorder = a condition in which real or imagined fears are difficult to control.
AnxietySlide8
Anxiety
Types of Anxiety Disorders
Phobia
strong and irrational fear of something specificObsessive-compulsive
disorder
persistent
, recurrent, and unwanted
thoughts
Repeated, irresistible behaviorsPanic DisorderSudden unexplained feelings of terrorAccompanied by symptoms such as trembling, heart pounding, shortness of breath, dizzinessPost-Traumatic Stress DisorderA condition that may develop after exposure to a terrifying event that threatened or caused physical harmSlide9
The emotional swings of a mood disorder are extreme in both intensity and duration.
Mood DisordersSlide10
Mood Disorders
Clinical depression affects a person
’
s ability to:
Concentrate.
Sleep.
Perform at school or work.
Handle everyday decisions and challenges.
Feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or despair last for
more than a few weeks and interfere with daily
interests and activities.
Bipolar Disorder
Clinical DepressionSlide11
Mood Disorders
Bipolar disorder is marked by:
Extreme mood changes.
Extreme energy levels.
Extreme behavior.
Adults may behave normally between episodes of
extreme emotion.
Teens tend to alternate rapidly between the two
extremes with few clear periods of wellness between
episodes.
Bipolar Disorder
Clinical DepressionSlide12
Factors that can lead to an eating disorder are:
Psychological pressures
Possible genetic factors
Obsession with body image and thinness
Eating DisordersSlide13
A person who suffers from an eating disorder can experience a wide range of physical health complications, including:
Serious heart conditions
Kidney failure, which may lead to death.
It is critical that a person with an eating disorder get help immediately
Eating DisordersSlide14
Children and adolescents who act out their impulses toward others in destructive ways may have a conduct disorder.
They may project an image of
toughness, but people with
this disorder usually have low
self-esteem. Without treatment, they will be unable to adapt to the demands of adulthood. Conduct DisordersSlide15
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder in which a person loses contact with reality.
Symptoms of schizophrenia include delusions, hallucinations, and thought disorders.
Causes of this condition may be a combination of genetic factors and chemical and structural changes in the brain.
SchizophreniaSlide16
People are reluctant to seek treatment for mental/emotional problems because of:
Embarrassment or shame.
Stigma or a negative label.
Misconceptions and stereotypes.Many mental and emotional disturbances involve imbalances in brain chemistry and require medical attention. Seeking medical attentionSlide17
Who can help? Slide18
What are some difficulties an adolescent with an anxiety disorder might face? At school, with friends, with family?
DiscussionSlide19
Although scientific evidence shows that mental disorders are medical conditions, the stigma attached to these illnesses persists. Why do you think this is so?
Discussion