PPT-Engineering Stress and Strain in Civil Structures

Year 12 Engineering Studies Civil Structures Engineering Stress Stress is the bodys internal reaction to an externally applied force It may be tensile compressive or shear Tensile and compressive stresses are axial stresses because the external force either tension or compression is applied along the axis of the member. uodac GGMFQPOPQT Reference United States Dept of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Design of Small Canal Structures United States Government Printing Office Denver 1974 Pa ges 299308 Available in the college library and the c ourse website brPage 2 Multiple Bending-Unbending. Springback Process. H.-M. Huang. S.-D. . Liu. National Steel Corporation,. 12261 Market St.,. Livonia, MI . 48150. S. Jiang. DaimlerChrysler Corporation,. 800 Chrysler Dr.,. From Noticing to Thriving. Lunch n Learn. 1. This presentation was developed by Organizational Wellness & Learning Systems, Inc.. Objectives. As a result of this session, participants will. Enhance their ability to notice signs of stress and more readily take action to reduce stress. How materials work. Compression. Tension. Bending. Torsion. Millau viaduct, France (2005). Cable-stayed design, 2.5 Km long, 340m high. Great pyramid, Egypt (2560BC). Height: 139m. Lincoln cathedral, England (1300) Height: 160m. Lunch n Learn. 1. This presentation was developed by Organizational Wellness & Learning Systems, Inc.. Objectives. As a result of this session, participants will. Enhance their ability to notice signs of stress and more readily take action to reduce stress. Beams bend . w. hen . l. oaded. DaVinci-1493. "Of bending of the springs: If a straight spring is bent, it is necessary that its convex part become thinner and its concave part, thicker. This modification is pyramidal, and consequently, there will never be a change in the middle of the spring. You shall discover, if you consider all of the aforementioned modifications, that by taking part '. From fig 4 , the decline in the stress necessary to continue deformation past the maximum, point M, seems to indicate that the metal is becoming weaker. However, the cross-sectional area is decreasing rapidly within the neck region, where deformation is occurring. The stress, as computed from . Stress-Strain Diagram . Suppose that a metal specimen be placed in tension-compression testing machine. As the axial load is gradually increased in increments, the total elongation over the gage length is measured at each increment of the load and this is continued until failure of the specimen takes place. Knowing the original cross-sectional area and length of the specimen, the normal stress σ and the strain ε can be obtained. The graph of these quantities with the stress σ along the y-axis and the strain ε along the x-axis is called the stress-strain diagram. The stress-strain diagram differs in form for various materials. The diagram shown below is that for a medium carbon structural steel. . Asady. Al-. Mustansiryah. University . Mechanical Engineering Department. Part 1 : theory. Strain. Simple Strain. Also known as unit deformation, strain is the ratio of the change in length caused by the applied force, to the original length.. where δ is the deformation and L is the original length, thus ε is dimensionless. . Stress-Strain Diagram . Suppose that a metal specimen be placed in tension-compression testing machine. As the axial load is gradually increased in increments, the total elongation over the gage length is measured at each increment of the load and this is continued until failure of the specimen takes place. Knowing the original cross-sectional area and length of the specimen, the normal stress σ and the strain ε can be obtained. The graph of these quantities with the stress σ along the y-axis and the strain ε along the x-axis is called the stress-strain diagram. The stress-strain diagram differs in form for various materials. The diagram shown below is that for a medium carbon structural steel. . FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS AND DESIGN. Nam-Ho . Kim. STRESS. Stress. Fundamental concept related to the safety of a structure. Often used as criteria for mechanical design. Internal force created by deforming the shape against external loads.. ENMAT101A Engineering Materials and Processes. Associate Degree of Applied Engineering . (Renewable Energy Technologies). Lecture 3 – Mechanical Testing. Mechanical Testing. EMMAT101A Engineering Materials and Processes. Stress: . when some external system of load acts on a body, the internal forces (equal & opposite) are set up at various section of the body, which resist the external force. This force per unit area at any section is known as stress.. Introduction to Stress and Strain (Lesson). Mechanical Engineers characterize materials using forces, stress, and strain. They analyze the behavior of materials in order to define safety constraints. In simple terms, they need to determine how much stress can be applied before the material breaks or becomes permanently deformed. Biomedical engineers test materials to strengthen or replace tissues or broken bones..