PPT-Alcohols and Phenols

and how to identify them 2 Classification Primary carbon with OH is bonded to one other carbon Secondary carbon with OH is bonded to two other carbons Tertiary carbon with OH is bonded to three other carbons. Thiols. , Phenols, . And Ethers. IUG, . Fall . 2013. Dr. . Tarek. . Zaida. 1. 1. Alcohols. Alcohols are derivatives of hydrocarbons in which 1 or more of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced by a hydroxyl (-OH) . Mass spectrometer. n-hexane. MS. Alcohols, ethers, thiols. Sweet. Hydrogen . bonding. Hydrophilic. Hydrophobic. Oxidation. 12.1 Alcohols: Structure and Physical Properties. An organic compound containing a hydroxyl group attached to an alkyl group. Learning Objectives:. Know the general formula for alcohols.. Be able to name alcohols.. Describe the shape of alcohols.. Classify primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols.. Describe the physical properties of alcohols.. Ar. -OH). Phenols . are compounds of the general formula . Ar. -OH, where . Ar. - is phenyl, substituted phenyl, or one of the other aryl groups. . I. Structure . and nomenclature:. Phenols . differ from alcohols in having the -OH group attached directly to an aromatic . Thiols. , . and ethers. Nomencalture. of alcohols. Use the end . ol. Examples. . Hydrogen bonding in alcohols and phenols. Alcohols and phenols form hydrogen bonds, and hence they have relatively high boiling points. This also makes the lower alcohols miscible with water. As the R group becomes larger, the solubility of alcohols in water decreases dramatically.. PHENOLS. Alcohols and Phenols. Alcohols contain an OH group connected to a . a. saturated C (sp. 3. ). They are important solvents and synthesis intermediates. Phenols contain an OH group connected to a carbon in a benzene ring. 45. -Alcohols . have the general formula R. -. OH and are characterized by the presence of a . hydroxyl group, . -. OH. . -Phenols . have a hydroxyl group attached directly to an aromatic ring. . -Thiols . 1. Hydration of Alkenes - . addition of water. - uses H. 2. SO. 4. and heat. Ex.; Hydrate propene.. 2. Hydrogenation of Aldehydes & Ketones –. All . carbon-carbon double bonds in the molecule will be hydrogenated at the same time. In a phenol the OH group is directly attached to the benzene ring. . In a phenol the lone pair of electrons on the oxygen is delocalised with the electron charge cloud of the . arene. ring. . The delocalised bonding changes the reactivity of the OH group and the . Chapter . 13. Alcohols, Phenols, . Thiols. , and Ethers. Anesthesia is typically administered by a nurse anesthetist who provides care before, during, and after a medical procedure. A nurse anesthetist gives medications to keep a patient asleep and pain-free while monitoring the patient’s vital signs. , Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones. Anesthesia is typically administered by a nurse anesthetist who provides care before, during, and after a medical procedure. A nurse anesthetist gives medications to keep a patient asleep and pain-free while monitoring the patient’s vital signs.. J. Princess . Gracia. , M.. Sc. .,M.Phil.,. Assistant Professor,. Department of . Chemistry,. Bon Secours College for Women, . Thanjavur. .. Introduction-. . Phenols also called as phenolics are a class of chemical compounds consisting of a hydroxyl group (-OH) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group.. Lecturer . Luma. . Amer. Department of . Pharmaceutical Chemistry. /Collage of pharmacy . 2 . ed. . stage.. Identification of Phenols. phenols are stronger acids than water and. will dissolve in 5% . Dr. Geeta Singh. Assistant Professor. Department of Chemistry. D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur. 1. Fungicides. . Fungicides . are those compounds which are used to protect plants effected from fungi. .