PPT-Chapter 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Thiols

45 Alcohols have the general formula R OH and are characterized by the presence of a hydroxyl group OH Phenols have a hydroxyl group attached directly to an aromatic ring Thiols . Properties & Synthetic Preps. Hydroxyl groups in natural compounds.. Alcohols. Naturally occurring p. henols: a . hydroxyl group directly attached to an aromatic ring.. Phenols. The –OH of an alcohol. Learning Objectives:. Know the general formula for alcohols.. Be able to name alcohols.. Describe the shape of alcohols.. Classify primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols.. Describe the physical properties of alcohols.. Ar. -OH). Phenols . are compounds of the general formula . Ar. -OH, where . Ar. - is phenyl, substituted phenyl, or one of the other aryl groups. . I. Structure . and nomenclature:. Phenols . differ from alcohols in having the -OH group attached directly to an aromatic . Alcohol . – alkyl chain attached to an –OH. . R-OH. Phenol . - aromatic attached to an –OH. Nomenclature. 1. Name the longest chain of carbons which includes the carbon with the hydroxyl group.. Thiols. , . and ethers. Nomencalture. of alcohols. Use the end . ol. Examples. . Hydrogen bonding in alcohols and phenols. Alcohols and phenols form hydrogen bonds, and hence they have relatively high boiling points. This also makes the lower alcohols miscible with water. As the R group becomes larger, the solubility of alcohols in water decreases dramatically.. PHENOLS. Alcohols and Phenols. Alcohols contain an OH group connected to a . a. saturated C (sp. 3. ). They are important solvents and synthesis intermediates. Phenols contain an OH group connected to a carbon in a benzene ring. 1. Chapter 21. Phenols and Aryl Halides. Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution. Ch. . 21. . - . 2. About The Authors. . These PowerPoint Lecture Slides were created and prepared by Professor William Tam and his wife, Dr. Phillis Chang. . 1. Hydration of Alkenes - . addition of water. - uses H. 2. SO. 4. and heat. Ex.; Hydrate propene.. 2. Hydrogenation of Aldehydes & Ketones –. All . carbon-carbon double bonds in the molecule will be hydrogenated at the same time. Chapter . 13. Alcohols, Phenols, . Thiols. , and Ethers. Anesthesia is typically administered by a nurse anesthetist who provides care before, during, and after a medical procedure. A nurse anesthetist gives medications to keep a patient asleep and pain-free while monitoring the patient’s vital signs. Phenols are organic compounds with a hydroxyl group attached directly to an aromatic ring. They have the general formula . Ar. -OH. Examples of them include phenol, hydroquinone, resorcinol,. o. -cresol, . n-hexane. MS. Alcohols, ethers, thiols. Sweet. Hydrogen . bonding. Hydrophilic. Hydrophobic. Oxidation. 12.1 Alcohols: Structure and Physical Properties. An organic compound containing a hydroxyl group attached to an alkyl group. J. Princess . Gracia. , M.. Sc. .,M.Phil.,. Assistant Professor,. Department of . Chemistry,. Bon Secours College for Women, . Thanjavur. .. Introduction-. . Phenols also called as phenolics are a class of chemical compounds consisting of a hydroxyl group (-OH) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group.. Ch. 11.4. Combustion of alcohols . Alcohols undergo complete combustion to form carbon dioxide and water.. Denatured alcohol is a useful portable fuel (e.g. for camping stoves) as, unlike LPG, it does not need to be transported in heavy, specialized containers. It is also used as a solvent.. Most of the alcohols are known to be . colourless. liquids or even are said to behave as solid at room temperatures. Alcohols with less molecular weight are said to be highly soluble in water; and with their increase in molecular weight, they tend to become less soluble and their .