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Major World Religions SOL Major World Religions SOL

Major World Religions SOL - PowerPoint Presentation

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Major World Religions SOL - PPT Presentation

WHII15 Warmup How have the five world religions had a profound impact on culture and civilization What are some characteristics of the five major world religions Monotheism Belief in only one God ID: 697021

world god religions judaism god world judaism religions monotheistic buddhism life jesus christianity religion find hinduism islam beliefs ceremony jewish spread differences

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Slide1

Major World Religions

SOL

WHII.15Slide2
Slide3

Warm-up:

How have the five world religions had a profound impact on culture and civilization?

What are some characteristics of the five major world religions?Slide4

Monotheism

Belief in only one God

Three monotheistic religions

Judaism

Christianity

IslamSlide5

JUDAISM

Semitic Religion

Based on the history of Hebrews (who were an ethnic group from the Fertile Crescent)

Hebrew God=Yaweh

Holy Text=TorahSlide6

JUDAISM HISTORY

Hebrews originated in Mesopotamia around the Fertile

Crescent

Abraham—covenant with God

From there they went to Canaan or Palestine

Forced to Egypt—enslaved

Moses leads from slavery

Return to Palestine

(present day Israel)–believe

God promised land to them

David was king who united Hebrew tribesSlide7

JUDAISM-BELIEFS

Hebrew beliefs=religion of Judaism

Monotheistic

Basis=laws that governed daily life

Ten Commandments

Rabbis

DiasporaSlide8

JEWISH INFORMATION

Belief in the messiah

Mitzvoth

Branches of Judaism

Orthodox

ConservativeSlide9

JEWISH RITUALS

Circumcision

Bar/Bat mitzvah

Death=usually no cremation or embalming

Funeral w/in 1-2 days in wooden casket

Kippah or YamekahSlide10

JEWISH HOLIDAYS

Chanukah

Rosh Hashanah

Yom Kippur

PassoverSlide11

Where in the world can we find Judaism?

Concentrated in Israel, Europe, North America and the Middle EastSlide12

CHRISTIANITY HISTORY

Emerged from the Roman Empire

Emerged as a result of

Jesus (Son of God)

Life of Jesus=Gospels (1

st

4 books of New Testament)

Christianity began as a sect of JudaismSlide13

CHRISTIANITY--Jesus

Jesus-the messiah

Disciples

Moved to JerusalemSlide14

Similarities/Differences in Jesus’ teaching and Judaism

SIMILARITIES

Monotheistic

Ten Commandments

Laws of Moses

DIFFERENCES

Jesus is the Son of God

Jesus is the Messiah

Jesus could provide salvation and eternal life for believers

Preached forgiveness

Christians belief in TrinitySlide15

JESUS’ LIFE

Feared by Jewish priests

Feared by Roman leaders

Betrayed by a disciple

Arrested by Romans

Tried by

Pontius

Pilate

Condemned and Executed by

Crucifixion

Paul—spread ChristianitySlide16
Slide17

Where in the world can we find Christianity?

Concentrated in Europe and the Middle EastSlide18

Warm-up:

Why are the cities of Mecca and Medina important to Muslims?Slide19

ISLAM

Arabian Peninsula-major trade route

Mecca—market and location of the Kaa’ba

Monotheistic Religion

MedinaSlide20

Muhammad’s Life

Successful merchant

Married Kadejah/raised by an uncle

At 40-met angel Gabriel in a cave while meditating

Was told to spread the word of God or Allah

Islam—submission

Muhammad and followers were forced to leave MeccaSlide21

Muhammad’s Life (cont.)

In 622, journey to Medina—hijra

1

st

year of Muslim calendar

In 630,returned to Mecca—destroyed statues in kaa’ba

Spread by caliphsSlide22

Religious Principles

Monotheistic religion

God is called Allah

Holy Book=Koran (Quran)

Judgment Day

Five Pillars

Jihad

Harsh penalties for crimes

No pork or alcoholSlide23

Five Pillars

1. Declaration of Faith

2. Daily Prayer

3. Alms

4. Fasting

5. HajjSlide24

DIFFERENT SECTS

Sunni Muslims

Largest group

Traditional path

Islamic leader DOES NOT need to be a direct descendant of Muhammad

Elect caliphs based on ability

Entire Islamic community to be judged on the Day of JudgmentSlide25

DIFFERENT SECTS

Shi’ite Muslims

Believe that only descendants of Ali should lead Islam

Believe that the Imam is the only person that can guide a Muslim to salvationSlide26

RITUALS AND RITES OF PASSAGE

Celebration of birth

Men and women usually do not mingle together

Polygamy—up to 4 wives

Death is marked by simplicitySlide27

Where in the world can we find Islam?

Located in parts of Asia, Africa, and southern EuropeSlide28

What are the Five Pillars of Islam?Slide29

Monotheistic ReligionsSlide30

Monotheistic ReligionsSlide31

HINDUISM

No single founder

No single text

Religion based on compilation of many beliefs and many people

Hundreds of gods and goddesses—Many forms of one

deity (God)

Numerous ways to worshipSlide32

BASIC BELIEFS

Polytheistic (some consider it monotheistic?)

Important gods: Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva

Gods can be in human or animal form

Believe in atman

Ultimate goal is to reach moksha

Reincarnation

Dharma—duties

Karma—Knowledge that all thoughts and actions result in future consequences

All life is rankedSlide33

CASTE SYSTEM

1. Brahmans

2. Kastriyas

3. Vaisyas

4. Sudras

5. UntouchablesSlide34

Principles of Hinduism

Vedas and Upanishads

Nonviolent

Cleanliness/ritual

bathing (Ganges River)

Pilgrimage

Name ceremony for new baby

Ear piercing ceremony

Hair cut

Rite of passage ceremony

Marriages are arranged

Cremation at deathSlide35

Where in the world can we find Hinduism?

Located in India and part of Southeast AsiaSlide36

Buddhism

Grew out of Hinduism—spread of Buddhism

from

India to China as a result of Asoka’s missionaries and their writings

Founder =

Siddartha

Gautama

Gautama was a Prince

Sheltered in a castle—in luxury

He left the castle and saw suffering

Meditated beneath a fig tree (48 days)

Realized causes of suffering—became known as Buddha-”Enlightened One”Slide37

Buddhism

4 Noble Truths

Eightfold Path

Nirvana

ReincarnationSlide38

Similarities and Differences of Buddhism to Hinduism

Similarities

Honesty

Charity

Kindness

Nonviolence

Differences

No formal rituals

No polytheism

No god

Just a spirit of the universeSlide39

Buddhism

Followers established monasteries/convents

Birth

ceremony

Dalai Lama—most sacred religious leader within BuddhismSlide40

Where in the world can we find Buddhism?

Located in East and Southeast Asia (China)Slide41

Hinduism/BuddhismSlide42
Slide43

Create a Map

Using the map provided please identify the world religions

Color code your map using colored pencilsSlide44

Location of the World’s Major Religions