PPT-Glycogen Synthesis

Chapte r 25 Stryer Short Course Glucose Metabolism Overview Gluconeogenesis Glycogen metabolism Pentose Phosphate Pathway Glycogen Storage molecule Multiple ends allow for quick synthesis and . C483 Spring 2013. 1. Why . does glycolysis produce more energy (more ATP) from glucose units released by glycogen degradation than from free glucose?. A) Limit dextrin contains additional molecules.. In muscle the final products of glycogen breakdown depend on the type of muscle fiber.. Red muscle fibers. . many mitochondria and much myoglobin. . Glucose is converted primarily to pyruvate that. Randy Hampton. Ask… or. txt: . 858 859 8528. The isoprene unit:. a branched lipid structure. fig 21-32. fig 21-34.. stage 1. mevalonate. production. fig 21-34.. stage 1. mevalonate. production. fig 21-34.. Allosterically activated by fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. increase. flow through glycolysis. Allosterically inhibited by signs of . abundant energy. supply (all tissues). ATP . acetyl-CoA and long-chain fatty acids. Insulin Signaling and Glycogen Synthesis. Glycogen. Primary energy storage carbohydrate in animals. Primary backbone has . a. 1 .  4 linkages and secondary . a. 1 6 linkages. Creates many ends of the molecule allowing for the fast release of glucose for energy conversion. M. . Asal. Bsc. . Pharmacy. MSC ,PhD Clinical . Biochemistry. Glycogen Metabolism . The . main stores of glycogen in the body are found in skeletal muscle and liver, although most other cells store small amounts of glycogen . Regulation of . Glycogenolysis. Figure modified from . Yan, A., et al (2016) In J . Biol. . Sci. 12(12):1544-1554. and . Servier. Medical Art. GDP. cAMP. Protein Kinase A. (PKA). PKA. Regulation of . Objectives. Structure of Glycogen. . Anabolism Vs Catabolism mechanisms.. Glycogen storage disorders. . Overview of Glycogen Metabolism. Excess glucose stored as glycogen. Glucose units joined by . α. FATE OF . PYRUVATE. MADE FROM GLYCOLYSIS. FATE OF . PYRUVATE. MADE FROM GLYCOLYSIS. Lactic . acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells when oxygen is in low . supply.. Human Lactate . dehydrogenase . Found in liver and skeletal muscles.. Represents 10% of weight of liver and 1-2% of muscles.. Stored in large cytosolic granules.. Elementary particles, . β. -particles consist of 50,000 glucose residues.. Learning Goal . Describe how glucose is synthesized from . noncarbohydrate. molecules.. Glucose is synthesized in the tissues of the liver and kidneys. . Tissues . that use glucose as their main energy source are the brain, skeletal muscles, and red blood cells.. &. The Pentose Phosphate Pathway. Dr. . Shaimaa. . Munther. . Glycogen Metabolism. A constant source of blood glucose is an absolute requirement for human life. Glucose is the greatly preferred energy source for the brain, and the required energy source for RBC and muscle, since it’s the substrate for anaerobic . Lippincot’s. . Ilustrated. reviews: Biochemistry. Glucose Synthesis is Required for Survival. Brain is dependent on glucose 120g/day. Body glucose reserve is limited. ≈ 20 g (extra cellular fluid). Glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) occur when a defective enzyme is involved in a pathway for glycogen storage or degradation.. A micrograph shows an excess of stored glycogen (blue) in a liver biopsy of a patient with Cori’s disease..