Presentations text content in South Asia Today Chapter 25
Slide1
South Asia
Today
Chapter 25
Slide2Section 1-The Economy:
Economic Activities
Agriculture
Mining and Fishing
IndustryTourism
Slide3Agriculture
Traditional Methods:
Subsistence farming is common
Terracing
Digging sticks and hand plowsHand-carried water from wells or riversAnimal Power is used – yaks, camels, oxen, elephants
Slide4Agriculture
Conditions: Wide variety of farm types
Highland Terracing
Orchards
Rice PaddiesHuge PlantationsModern Mechanized Farms
Slide5Agriculture
Crops:
Tea
Rubber
CoconutsCoffeeTobaccoBananas
CottonJute
Rice
Slide6Agriculture
Improvements:The high population in South Asia is a challenge, requiring farming methods that produce higher crop yields.
The “Green Revolution” involves using modern techniques (managed irrigation, fertilizers, high-yield varieties of crops) to increase food production.
Opponents point out the pollution caused by using more chemical pesticides and fertilizers, posing health hazards.
Slide7Mining and Fishing
Mining: (see map on p. 630)
Bauxite
Chromite
CoalCopper
Iron OreManganese
PetroleumNatural Gas
Slide8Mining and Fishing
Fishing:Rich fishing resources provide a living for many people in South Asia
Shrimp
Lobster
Fresh and Dried Fish
Slide9Industry
India’s Evolving Economy:
After WWII, India pursued an economic policy of “Self-Sufficiency”.
By the 1960, their economy slowed and they decided it was time to become part of the Global Economy.
The government allowed foreign investment in the 1990s, deregulated many industries, and allowed more private ownership of businesses.The middle class expanded due to the economic growth.
It has also led to growing inequality between the lower and upper classes.
Slide10Industry
Light Industry:
Traditional crafts (Cottage Industries) of textile weaving, making shoes, jewelry, and woodcarving form the base of the region’s light industry.
Many people were urged to maintain their traditional, family-centered industries by Mohandas Gandhi, who created homespun cotton fabric.
In the 1970s, some countries, such as Bangladesh, began a “microcredit” program, providing small business loans to impoverished people. Many of these people were women.
Slide11Industry
Heavy Industry:
India manufactures iron, steel, cement, and heavy machinery.
Bangladesh also manufactures iron, steel, and cement.
India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh recycle iron and steel in an industry called “ship breaking”.Workers use sledgehammers and blowtorches to dismantle old or damaged ships, and the iron and steel is melted down and re-used.
Slide12Industry
Service Industries:
Since the 1980s, service industries have increased in importance.
India and Pakistan have benefitted from wholesale and retail trade, and government services.
Slide13Industry
The High-Technology Sector:
High tech is a growing industry in South Asia.
Indian computer professionals are in high demand.
“India’s Silicon Valley”- the computer industry is flourishing, (cities of Bengaluru and Hyderabad).
2004-2005, India was the world’s leading exporter of software services.India has the potential to become a leading manufacturer of computer hardware.
They are already seeing growth in the manufacture of televisions and communications equipment.
Slide14Tourism
Several South Asian nations are attracting millions of tourists each year.
Nepal draws tourists to photograph wild animals and climb the Himalayan slopes.
Ecotourism encourages responsible interaction with the environment and endangered species, and supports preservation efforts.
India’s temples and festivals attract millions.Border disputes and conflict have cut tourism in some places, such as Sri Lanka, and the Indian-Pakistan border area.
South Asia Today Chapter 25
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