WORLD HISTORY READERS Level 6 ① World War I The arrest of Archduke Ferdinands murderer Crowds gathered in Paris at the beginning of WWI World War Ⅰ When was World War I WWI 19141918 How long did most people think the war would last ID: 762182
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WORLD HISTORY READERS Level 6- ① World War I
The arrest of Archduke Ferdinand’s murderer Crowds gathered in Paris at the beginning of WWI. World War Ⅰ When was World War I (WWI)? 1914-1918 How long did most people think the war would last? What event started the war? A few months The assassination of the Austro-Hungarian prince, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, on June 28, 1914. The street corner where the Archduke was killed
Why Did WWI Start? Who fought in the war? The Allied Powers/Allies fought against the Central Powers. Major Allied Powers Great Britain France The Russian Empire The United States Italy *The Allies grew to include over 20 nations. Major Central Powers Germany Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Ottoman Empire
A German bunker, Flanders Fields German soldiers in a trench. Preserved trenches in Holland The Trenches What was even safer than a trench? What were some of the problems in the trenches? How was much of the war fought? A bunker - Flooding - Rats - Disease - Depression What were some of the advantages of fighting in the trenches? In trenches -Protection from enemy gunfire -Protection from artillery fire -Safer places to sleep -Safer places to eat
A New Way to Fight How long would the trenches be if laid end-to-end? How was this war different from previous wars? In total, the trenches built during WWI would stretch about 25,000 miles if they were laid end-to-end. Battles in previous wars happened fast, and armies moved quickly on horses. However, because of the trenches, the battles in WWI were long and slow. Preserved WWI trenches in Belgium
The Weapons Where did the idea of a tank come from? Which weapon was banned after WWI? What were some of the weapons used during WWI? Hot air balloons Grenades Large artillery guns Poison gas Tanks Machine guns Light-shell rockets Airplanes A farm tractor German machine gunners in a trench An American artillery gun German soldiers with different weapons Poison gas Soldiers wearing gas masks
Over 3,500 by the French A WWI tank Tanks in WWI How were the tanks helpful? When were the first tanks used? They helped to capture enemy trenches, and they made war more mobile again. In the Battle of the Flers in 1916 Over 2,500 by the British How many tanks were produced during the war? Only 20 by the Germans A group of tanks close to the front line
Soldiers dying between the trenches WWI Terms What does “no man’s land” mean? “No man’s land” was the muddy area between enemy trenches. It was filled with rows of barbed wire and dead soldiers. A German trench Soldiers crossing no man’s land What does “trench foot” mean? “Trench foot” is when a person’s feet have been wet for so long that their feet rot. The skin and tissue turns black and dies. No man’s land
What were ceasefires? Ceasefires were short agreements to stop fighting during the war. Sympathy for the Enemy What happened when high-level officials found out about these ceasefires? What would happen during ceasefires? Usually, soldiers would bury the dead and fix damaged trenches. They were banned from happening ever again. A German soldier approaches British lines with a Christmas tree, 1914 What happened during Christmas in 1914? There were some special ceasefires. Some Germans and Allies sang Christmas carols together. Others exchanged gifts like tobacco and cake. Some even played soccer.
French troops at the Battle of the Somme The Battle of the Somme What was the most bloody battle of the war? What happened? The Allies began with an eight-day artillery gun attack. Then 750,000 men attacked, but the German defenses held. On the first day of the battle, 58,000 British troops were injured or killed. The battle lasted for more than four months before the British called it off. The British lost 420,000 troops, the French lost nearly 200,000 troops, and the Germans lost 500,000 troops. The Battle of the Somme in 1916 Indian soldiers on horses at the Battle of the Somme
A nurse writing a letter for a wounded soldier Wounded American soldiers and a nurse Crowds at the signing of the Treaty of Versailles The End of the War How many people were killed or injured during WWI? How did the war end? Approximately 17 million people were killed and 20 million were injured. A treaty was signed in France between the Allied forces and Germany. Saint Quentin in France after 4 years of war
Vocabulary barbed wire n. strong wire with short, sharp points on it bunker n. a strongly built shelter for soldiers or guns, usually underground
Vocabulary crawl v. to move forward on your hands and knees, with your body close to the ground grenade n. a small bomb thrown by hand or shot from a gun
Vocabulary hot air balloon n. a very large bag filled with heated air that has a basket hanging under it in which people can ride miserable adj. very unhappy or uncomfortable
Vocabulary patriotism n. love of your country more than any other country sympathy n. the feeling of understanding and caring about someone’s problems