Medieval and Renaissance Classical Music is art music rooted in the traditions of Western Music The Medieval Period Time Approximately 500 1450 AD The Medieval Period Most of the music at this time was ID: 752710
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Slide1
Periods of Classical Music
Medieval and Renaissance
Classical Music is art music rooted
in the traditions of Western Music. Slide2
The Medieval Period
Time: Approximately 500 – 1450 A.DSlide3
The Medieval Period
Most of the music at this time was
sacred
music (church music); this music was called plainsong or chant and represented the earliest known music of the Christian church.
Plainsong is
monophonic
, which means that is consisted of a single vocal part. Around 1011 AD the Roman Catholic Church wanted to standardize the Mass and chant, the resulting music is what is called Gregorian Chant. Most composers are not known. Slide4
Troubadours and Minstrels
During the High Middle Ages (late Medieval period) the troubadour came into existence. A troubadour is a
composer
and
performer
of
poetry who made a living as an entertainer, hired by wealthy nobles. Most were not simply wandering entertainers, though some did travel extensively from one court to another. A troubadour is similar to a minstrel, but minstrels generally told stories of distant places and events and did not always create their own poetry. Most troubadours and minstrels also played instruments or sang their stories.Slide5
Instruments
Many of the instruments we use today existed in the Medieval Era, but in a different form. At that time the flute was made of wood instead of metal.
Early versions of the organ, fiddle, and trombone (called the sackbut) existed.
Other instruments used include: The Pan Flute, Recorder, Lute, Psaltery, Zither, Hurdy-gurdy and hammered dulcimer. Jaw Harp/Jew’s Harp.
Bowed psaltery is not a true
psaltry
, came into use in 1900s. Slide6
Instruments
Pan Pipes
Lute
Psaltery
Jaw Harp
Hurdy
Gurdy
ZitherSlide7
Hammered DulcimerSlide8
Music Notation
Music in the early part of the Medieval period was generally passed on orally. Eventually music began to be notated, though without a staff, and this is where our modern music notation originated. Slide9
The Renaissance Period
Approximately 1450-1600Slide10
Early Staff NotationSlide11
The Renaissance
The Renaissance time period was a period of intellectual rebirth, when the arts flourished, and ideas and intellectual pursuits were highly valued.
Music was still dominated by the church but with more sophisticated melodies and harmonies; different styles begin to emerge.
Polyphony
, having more than one note (having harmony) came into common usage.
The development of
printing made distribution of music possible on a wide scale, and demand for music as entertainment and as an activity for educated amateurs increased. Slide12
Renaissance Instruments
Brass: Slide trumpet,
cornetto
(like recorder but blown like brass, largest was called serpent), trumpet, sackbut (early trombone).
String: viol, lyre, Irish harp, hurdy-gurdy, harpsichord.
Percussion: jaw harp and tambourine.
Woodwind: shawm, reed pipe, bag pipe, transverse flute, recorder, panpipe. Slide13
Renaissance Instruments
Slide
Trumpet
Shawm
Cornetto
Serpent (largest
Cornetto
)
Irish Harp
ViolSlide14
Notable Composers
Giovanni
Pierluigi
da
Palestrina
, c. 1525–1594
William Byrd
(c. 1540–1623)
Claudio Monteverdi
, 1567–1643
Giovanni
Gabrieli
(c. 1554/1557 – 1612).Slide15
Need to Know
Approximate time periods for Medieval (500-1450) and Renaissance (1450-1600)Sacred vs. Secular – religious music vs. non-religious music
Some instruments for extra credit
What a Troubadour is
What polyphony and monophony mean (more than 1 part, one part)
What period printing began (Renaissance)