Major Arteries of the Systemic Circulation - PowerPoint Presentation

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Major Arteries of the Systemic Circulation

Major Arteries of the Systemic Circulation

Aorta

It is the largest artery of the body Different parts of the aorta are named for their location or shape: Ascending aorta -> Aortic Arch -> Descending Thoracic Aorta -> Abdominal Aorta

Arterial Branches of the Ascending

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ortaThe only branches of the ascending aorta are the right and left coronary arteries, which serve the heart

Brachiocephalic artery: The first branch of the aortic arch

Brachiocephalic artery splits into the R. common carotid artery and R. subclavian artery

Left common carotid artery is the second branch of the aortic archLeft subclavian artery: the third branch of the aortic arch

Arterial Branches of the Aortic Arch

The right common carotid divides into the R. internal carotid that serves the brain and the R. external carotid that serves the skin and muscles of the head and neck

The left common carotid divides the same way as the right common carotid

Arterial Branches of the Aortic Arch

The subclavian branches into the vertebral artery, which serves part of the brain

In the axilla, the subclavian artery becomes the axillary artery and then continues into the arm as the brachial artery which supplies the arm

Arterial Branches of the Aortic Arch

Arterial Branches of the Aortic Arch

At the elbow, the brachial artery splits to form the radial and ulnar arteries, which serve the forearm

Arterial Branches of the Thoracic Aorta

The intercostal arteries (ten pairs) supply the muscles of the thorax wall

Other branches of the thoracic aorta supply the lungs (bronchial arteries), the esophagus (esophageal arteries), and the diaphragm (phrenic arteries)

Arterial Branches of the Abdominal Aorta

The celiac trunk is the first branch of the abdominal aorta

It has 3 branches:Left gastric artery: supplies the stomachSplenic artery: supply the spleen

Common hepatic artery supplies the liver

Arterial Branches of the Abdominal Aorta

The unpaired superior mesenteric artery supplies most of the small intestine and the first half of the large intestine or colon

The inferior mesenteric artery is a small unpaired artery supplying the second half of the large intestineThe renal (L and R) arteries serve the kidneys

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Arterial Branches of the Abdominal Aorta

The gonadal (R and L) arteries supply the gonads: they are called the ovarian arteries in females and the testicular arteries in males

The lumbar arteries are several pairs of arteries serving the heavy muscles of the abdomen and trunk walls

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Arterial Branches of the Abdominal Aorta

The common iliac arteries (L and R) are the final branches of the abdominal aorta:

each divides into an internal iliac artery, which supplies the pelvic organs and an external iliac artery which enters the thigh where it becomes the femoral arteryThe femoral artery and its branch, the deep femoral artery serve the thigh

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Arterial Branches of the Abdominal Aorta

At the knee, the femoral artery becomes the popliteal artery, which then splits into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries, which supply the leg and foot

The anterior tibial artery terminates in the dorsalis pedis artery, which supplies the dorsum of the foot

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