PPT-Nucleic Acids

IUG Spring 2014 Dr Tarek Zaida 1 Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids are molecules that store information for cellular growth and reproduction There are two types of nucleic acids deoxyribonucleic acid DNA. 1.Rae, P. M. & Steele, R. E. Nucleic Acids Res.2.Bird, A. P. & Taggart, M. H. Nucleic Acids Res.3.Urieli-Shoval, S., Gruenbaum, Y., Sedat, J. & Razin, A. Lett.4.Patel, C. V. & Gopinathan, K. P. Anal. THE STUFF OF LIFE. Biomolecules. Organic molecules made up of:. Carbon. Hydrogen. Nitrogen. Oxygen. a. nd sometimes Phosphorus. LATIN 101. Poly = . Many. Mono = . O. ne. Hydro = . Water. . (actually Greek). 1-deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). 2-Ribonucleic acid (RNA. Nucleic. Acids. Structure: Nucleotide. Monomer : . Nucleotide. A pentose sugar molecule .. 2.A phosphate group .. 3.A nitrogenous base .. Monomer : . Essential idea: The structure of DNA allows efficient storage of genetic information.. There is 2m of DNA in each human cell, however the most cells in the human body have a diameter of 10 . μm. . This DNA is divided in chromosomes and coiled around proteins called histones so that it can be efficiently stored in each cell's nucleus. The human genome project which has decoded the case sequence for the whole 2m of the human genome requires a data warehouse (pictured) to store the information electronically. This should give a good idea of just how efficient DNA is at storing information and why it needs to be so.. Biomolecules. Organic molecules made up of:. Carbon. Hydrogen. Nitrogen. Oxygen. a. nd sometimes Phosphorus. LATIN 101. Poly = . Many. Mono = . O. ne. Hydro = . Water. . (actually Greek). Synthesis = . Dr. Mohammed Hussein. M.B.Ch.B, MSC, DCH (UK), MRCPCH. Molecular Biology. Main Topics . Nucleic acid structure . and . organization. DNA replication and repair. Transcription . and RNA . processing. The genetic code, mutation, and translation. The Double Helix (DNA). Structural model:. Model proposed by Watson & Crick, 1953. Two sugar-phosphate strands, next to each other, but running in opposite directions.. Specific Hydrogen bonds. occur among bases from one chain to the other:. Chemistry of purines and pyrimidines. Nucleic Acid. Long chains of repeated nucleotides. A nucleotide consists of:. 1- Nitrogenous base. 2- Pentose sugar. 3- One or more phosphate groups. History. Nucleotide. By:. . Preeti. . S. . Salve. KLE . College of Pharmacy, . Belagavi. A constituent Unit of KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research. Nehru Nagar, . Belagavi. . –. 590 010, Karnataka, India. Phone:. What are nucleic acid ?. Linear polymers of . nucleaotides.first. isolated by . Miescher. (. 1871). Each nucleotide consist of 3 components . 1. . purine. or . pyrimidine. . nucleobase. BSc 3. rd. year . AMINO ACIDS. C. lassification of amino acids . Classification according to nature of side chain. PREPARATION OF AMINO ACIDS. 1. Gabriel Phthalimide synthesis. 2. Strecker’s synthesis. 1. Nucleic . Acids. Biochemistry 3070. Biochemistry 3070 – Nucleic Acids. 2. Historical Summary of the Discovery of DNA. The complexity of living processes require large amounts of information.. In the 19. Lecturer 7 . Dr. . Shaimaa. . Munther. . General. . Introduction. . Nucleic acids are required for the storage and expression of genetic information. . There are two chemically distinct types of nucleic acids: (. Protein Synthesis. A histology technician studies the microscopic makeup of tissues, cells, and bodily fluids with the purpose of detecting and identifying the presence of a specific disease.. They determine blood types and the concentrations of drugs and other substances .