PPT-Nucleic acids and Nucleotides

By Preeti S Salve KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi A constituent Unit of KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research Nehru Nagar Belagavi 590 010 Karnataka India Phone. Creating a Miniature Factory. Expanding the Genetic Code. At the Scripps Institute in California, scientists have engineered a bacterium with an expanded genetic code.. In addition to A, T, G, and C, they have . Springfield . Central High School. What are atoms, ions, elements and molecules?. What makes carbon the element of life?. What are the key six elements found in living things?. Where can you find carbon on the periodic table? . 36. Which . of the following statements best describes the structure of DNA. ?. A. . Two strands of proteins are held together by sugar . molecules. , . nitrogen bases, and . phosphate groups.. B. . DNA. Deoxyribonucleic acid. Complex molecule found in the nucleus of cells and in small quantities in mitochondria and chloroplasts. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid). discovery/history. 1950’s. x-rayed by Rosalind Franklin. 2. Nucleic acids/ Polynucleotide. 3. Types of nucleic acids. Basic unit of nucleic acids. Made up of 3 basic components. Pentose sugar. Organic base. Phosphate group. 1.1 Pentose sugar. Ribose. or . Essential idea: The structure of DNA allows efficient storage of genetic information.. There is 2m of DNA in each human cell, however the most cells in the human body have a diameter of 10 . μm. . This DNA is divided in chromosomes and coiled around proteins called histones so that it can be efficiently stored in each cell's nucleus. The human genome project which has decoded the case sequence for the whole 2m of the human genome requires a data warehouse (pictured) to store the information electronically. This should give a good idea of just how efficient DNA is at storing information and why it needs to be so.. Attractive force between particles of the same kind. ____________________. Attractive force between unlike substances. _______________________. In a mixture of water and cool-aid which would be the solute and which would be the solvent?. Biomolecules. Organic molecules made up of:. Carbon. Hydrogen. Nitrogen. Oxygen. a. nd sometimes Phosphorus. LATIN 101. Poly = . Many. Mono = . O. ne. Hydro = . Water. . (actually Greek). Synthesis = . Consists of 5 carbon sugar, nitrogen base, and phosphate group. Repeating unit that makes up DNA, RNA, and ATP (energy for cells). What is a nucleic acid?. Store genetic material (DNA). Transfer genetic code (RNA). DNA. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA). The genetic material. Contains the “blueprint” for an organism. Instructions for an organism’s traits. Nucleic Acid-polymer (chain) of nucleotides (monomers). Very long molecule. The Double Helix (DNA). Structural model:. Model proposed by Watson & Crick, 1953. Two sugar-phosphate strands, next to each other, but running in opposite directions.. Specific Hydrogen bonds. occur among bases from one chain to the other:. What are nucleic acid ?. Linear polymers of . nucleaotides.first. isolated by . Miescher. (. 1871). Each nucleotide consist of 3 components . 1. . purine. or . pyrimidine. . nucleobase. BSc 3. rd. year . AMINO ACIDS. C. lassification of amino acids . Classification according to nature of side chain. PREPARATION OF AMINO ACIDS. 1. Gabriel Phthalimide synthesis. 2. Strecker’s synthesis. 1. Nucleic . Acids. Biochemistry 3070. Biochemistry 3070 – Nucleic Acids. 2. Historical Summary of the Discovery of DNA. The complexity of living processes require large amounts of information.. In the 19.