PPT-14.1 Structure of Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)

141 Structure of ribonucleic acid Learning Objectives Compare and contrast the structure of DNA and RNA molecules Describe the role of messenger RNA mRNA and transfer RNA tRNA Explain how the genetic code influences protein synthesis. Electronegativity of the atom attached to H the more EN the attached atom the more acidic the molecule C N O F relative electronegativity CH NH HO F relative stability of conjugate bases CH NH H O HF relative acidity 1 Charged vs noncharged 1. Determine what amino acids are present and . their molar ratios.. 2. Cleave the peptide into smaller fragments, and determine the amino acid composition of these smaller fragments.. 3. Identify the N-terminus and C-terminus in the . (RNA). AcaDeca. 2013-2014. Characteristics of RNA. RNA is similar to DNA except for the fact that:. RNA’s . sugar is . r. ibose. O. ne . of the nitrogenous base is . u. racil. It is typically . s. acids. Need to book. Molymods. (C,H,O & N) each group needs 16 single bonds, 4 double bonds, 4 Carbon, 2 Nitrogen, 4 oxygen, 10 hydrogen. Practical activity 21. ALSO! Need to give Mel 2 weeks notice on the chromatography . 1-deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). 2-Ribonucleic acid (RNA. Nucleic. Acids. Structure: Nucleotide. Monomer : . Nucleotide. A pentose sugar molecule .. 2.A phosphate group .. 3.A nitrogenous base .. Monomer : . Pertemuan 2. Hirarki. Biologi. A. Molecule: Actin. Atom. Myosin. Actin. B. Organelle: Myofibril (found only in muscle cells). Myofibril (organelle). C. Cell and tissue: Muscle cell within muscle tissue. also made of nucleotides. RNA nucleotides. Sugar (ribose). Phosphate. nitrogenous base. adenine. cytosine. guanine. uracil. Types of RNA. mRNA: messenger RNA, carries the DNA code out of the nucleus to the ribosome. Much larger than other particles found in cells. Made up of smaller subunits. Found in all cells. Great diversity of functions . Four Classes of Biological Macromolecules. Lipids. Polysaccharides. Simple Sugars have the formula C. n. (H. 2. O). n. and were once thought to be “hydrates” of Carbon.. The Carbon cycle.. ____________ . 6CO. 2. + 6H. 2. O + energy . . C. 6. H. 12. Intro. The genes in DNA code for instructions that control the production of proteins within the cells. The first step in decoding these genetic messages is to copy DNA into . RNA (transcription). These RNA molecules contain coded information for making proteins. . (by Dr. . Sawsan. . Sajid. ). DNA & RNA as Macromolecules. Basic structure and roles . Dr. Nadal . Abdulameer. Ali . & . Dr. Susan A. Ibrahim. Type of Macromolecules. الجزيئات العملاقة . to Find a Ligand that Will Bind to Xanthine . Oxidase. Lysengkeng Her and Thao Yang. Department of Chemistry, University Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire WI. Celebration of Excellence in Research and Creativity (CERCA), April 25-29, 2016. . Virginia Tech. www.cs.vt.edu/~onufriev. Gene is protein. ’. s blueprint, genome is life. ’. s blueprint . Gene. Genome. DNA. Protein. Gene. Gene. Gene. Gene. Gene. Gene. Gene. Gene. Gene. Gene. Gene. Overview: The Molecules of Life. Within cells, small organic molecules are joined together to form larger molecules. Macromolecules are large molecules composed of thousands of covalently connected atoms.