. MANAGEMENT OF DIET OF THE RRE-DIABETICS, DIABETICS AND TH - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

.

MANAGEMENT OF DIET OF THE RRE-DIABETICS, DIABETICS AND THE OBESESlide2

Importance of dietary management

DASH ----

Metabolic syndrome

Weight reduction and exercise benefits in management of type 2 DM Obesity ( pre-diabetics , glucose intolerance,

DM

)

Exercise improves the peripheral glucose uptake throughout the day( by opening the noninsulin dependent pathwaysSlide3

Myths about eating

Negative body image with dieting

Postpartum women must eat heavily

Lemons and lime reduces weight

Tea ( sliming tea)

Left overs must not go waste

Potbellies ----sign of good living

Catch up eating

Children can eat any desired quantity ( childhood obesity in China )

Communal eating

Late evening meals ( husband factor, choice,

kakro

,

chofi

)Slide4

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Who is what

Dm

………

Prediabetic

……

Obese …….

BMI 18---------- 25 --------------- Normal

26----------- 30 --------------- Over weight

31----------- 35 --------------- Obese (1st class) 36----------- 40---------------- Obese (2

nd class)Slide6

CALORIES NEEDED

Men and women need

to consume enough calories to maintain a healthy body weight and optimize their energy level. However consuming too many calories on a regular basis leads to obesity.

The amount of calories an average adult need depends on his size and the activity level and ranges from 1800 to 3000 calories per day.Slide7

ACTIVE INDIVIDUAL

Active means a lifestyle that includes physical activity equivalent to walking more than 3 miles per day at 3 to 4 miles per hour, in addition to the light physical activity associated with typical day-to-to-day life.

Active individuals age 19 and older need an average of 2000 to 3000 calories per day to maintain a healthy body weight.

Older persons requires fewer calories than younger individuals who lead the same type of active lifestyle.

Athletes who engage in vigorous physical activity, especially endurance sports can require 3000 calories or more per day.Slide8

MODERATELY ACTIVE individual

Moderately active means a lifestyle that include physical activity equivalent to walking about 1.5 to 3 miles per day at 3 to 4 miles per hour, in addition to the light physical activity associated with typical day-to-day life.

Moderately active individuals needs 2200 to 2800 calories each day to maintain a healthy body weight.Slide9

SEDENTARY INDIVIDUAL

Sedentary means a lifestyle that includes only the light physical activity associated with typical day-to-day life.

Average sedentary individuals need 2000 to 2600 calories per day

More especially sedentary persons age 19 to 30 need 2400 to 2600 calories, 31 to 50yrs old require 2200 to 2400calories and sedentary individuals above age 50 need 1800 to 2200calories each day to maintain a healthy body weight. Slide10

EATING GUIDELINE

Eat what the family eats; specially prepared foods are not necessary.

Eat 3 meals a day about the same volume at the same time everyday.

Allow 4-5 hours between meals. Take 10-20 minutes to eat a meal

Insulin injections and diabetes tablets except metformin should be taken 30 minutes before meals. Metformin should be take with meals.

Use salt in cooking but none should be added when eating.

No fasting even on religious groundsSlide11

MEALS PLANNING

Diet for diabetic is not just a diet that is free from sugar.

A diabetic diet is a balanced healthy diet with appropriate mixture of carbohydrate, protein and fats that provide essential nutrients as well as creating an

even/constant release of glucose into the blood

of a diabetic patient.

The goals of achieving control of blood glucose level are similar to that of a person without diabetes.

To help make healthy choices of food easy, all foods have been arranged into three steps. A healthy day’s menu is to be made of choices from all three steps to produce a balance diet.Slide12

STEP 1-STARCH, VEGETABLES AND FRUITS

STARCHES

:

Fufu

,

kenkey

,

banku

, akple, omo

tuo, kokonte, brobe, cocoyam,

gari, bread, cassava, plantain, yam and rice. (Eat enough to satisfy and keep blood sugar and weight well controlled) 3-4 serving daily.VEGETABLES:

Okro

, garden eggs, tomatoes,

aleefu

,

ayoyo

,

kontomire

, cassava leaves, sweet potato leaves, onions, pepper, green beans, cabbage, carrots, lettuce, cucumber. (Eat as desire) 2-3 choices daily.

FRESH FRUITS

: Oranges, pawpaw, watermelon, mango, pineapple, apple, grape fruit, tangerine. (One fresh fruit or one slice) Slide13

STEP 2-ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE PROTEIN

All types of meat, all types of fish, chicken and beans,

Examples of one serving/meal:

Joint chicken

1-3 Matchbox size meat

1 medium fish/1 egg/ 2-3 stewing spoons beans. 2-3 serving daily.Slide14

STEP 3-FATS AND OILS

EXAMPLES: Palm oil,

frytol

, margarine, avocado

Examples of one serving/meal

1 matchbox size

sheabutter

3soup ladleful oily soup (palm soup)

2-3 serving dailySlide15

WHY DIETARY MANAGEMENT FREQUENTLY FAILS FOR SOME PEOPLE

1.

High expectation to loose weight over a short period.

2. “Boxed

Inn Syndrome”

a. Medical condition like cardiovascular problems, osteoarthritis

b. mobbed obesity

3. Over reliance on group therapy.Slide16

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WATCH AND AVOID!!!

High sugar, high fat, high salty foods – they are not healthy foods. (some are allowed only at emergencies)

Sugar, glucose, honey, syrup, jam, marmalade, sweet condensed milk, toffee, chocolate, cakes, pies, tarts.

Soft drinks, example –

coca-cola

,

pepsi-cola

,

lucozade

, malt,

malta guinness, lemonade and other fizzy sweetened drinks.

Tin/canned foods, example tin/canned fruits.

4. Alcohol, all type example: beer, Guinness, and spirits.

5. Other: matured coconuts.

6. Fatty meat: turkey tail,

7.

Flavour

booster with mono sodium glutamate like

maggi

, A1,

royco

,

etcSlide18

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YOUR DAILY MENU

7 – 8 am Break fast:

Kooko

5 soup ladles

Ricewater

3 soup ladles

Oats 2 ½ soup ladles with: Bread 3 sardine tin sizes or Koose

2 large ones Masa 3 small ones10:00 SNACK:

Eg

. 1 orange /1 banana /1 apple /1 slice of pineapple/ 1 slice of bread. Slide20

BREAK FAST & SNACKSlide21

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12 – 1pm Lunch

Soup or stew with little oil plus any of the following

Rice -2 soup ladles (heaped)

Kenkey

/

banku

/

tuo

zaafi -1 Large orange sizeYam -3 Saedine

tin sizesApem -3 FingersApantu -2 Fingers

Cocoyam -3 Medium ones

Gari

-1 Soup ladle levelled

3 pm SNACK: Same as 10 am

5 – 6 pm SUPPER: Same as lunch

BEDTIME: One sardine tin size of bread plus teabag or natural cocoa

powder Slide23

LUNCH OR SUPPERSlide24

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NOTESlide26

CONCLUTION

AT LEAST 30 MUNITES BRISK WALKING EVERY DAY

THANK YOU. Slide27

YOU CAN BE LIKE ME, TAKE YOUR DIET AND EXERCISE SERIOUSLY