Place Unique Location of a Feature Toponym is the name given to a place on Earth Site is the physical character of a place Includes climate water sources topography soil vegetation latitude and elevation ID: 692460
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Slide1
Thinking GeographicallySlide2
Why is each point on Earth unique?
Place: Unique Location of a Feature
Toponym
is the name given to a place on Earth
Site is the physical character of a place. Includes climate, water sources, topography, soil, vegetation, latitude, and elevationSlide3
Site:
Lower Manhattan Island
Fig. 1-6: Site of lower Manhattan Island, New York City. There have been many changes to the area over the last 200 years. Slide4
Why is each point on Earth unique?
Situation is the location of a place relative to other places. Situation helps us find an unfamiliar place by comparing its location with a familiar one. Situation, also, helps us understand the importance of a location.Slide5
Situation:
Singapore
Fig. 1-7: Singapore is situated at a key location for international trade.Slide6
Downtown SingaporeSlide7
Why is each point on Earth unique?
Mathematical location or in other words latitude and longitude. Slide8
World Geographic Grid
Fig. 1-8: The world geographic grid consists of meridians of longitude and parallels of latitude. The prime meridian ( 0º) passes through Greenwich, England.Slide9
World Time Zones
Fig. 1-9: The world’s 24 standard time zones each represent about 15° of longitude. They are often depicted using the Mercator projection.Slide10
Why is each point on Earth unique?
Regions: Areas of Unique Characteristics
A region derives its character through the
cultural landscape-
a combination of cultural features such as language, and religion, economic features such as agriculture and industry, and physical features such as climate and vegetation.Slide11
Why is each point on Earth unique?
Types of Regions
Formal, also called a uniform region or homogeneous region, is an area within which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics.Slide12
Formal and Functional Regions
Fig. 1-11: The state of Iowa is an example of a formal region; the areas of influence of various television stations are examples of functional regions. Slide13
Why is each point on Earth unique?
Functional Region- also called a nodal region, is an area organized around a node or focal point.Slide14
Why is each point on Earth unique?
Vernacular Region, or perceptual region, is a place that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity.Slide15
Vernacular Regions
Fig. 1-12: A number of features are often used to define the South as a vernacular region, each of which identifies somewhat different boundaries.Slide16
Why are different places similar?
Scale: From Local to Global
Space: Distribution of features
Density is the frequency with which something occurs in space
Concentration is the extent of a feature’s spread over space
Pattern is the geometric arrangement of objects in spaceSlide17
Distribution:
Density, Concentration, & Pattern
Fig. 1-18: The density, concentration, and pattern (of houses in this example) may vary in an area or landscape. Slide18
Density and Concentration of Baseball Teams, 1952 & 2007
Fig. 1-19: The changing distribution of North American baseball teams illustrates the differences between density and concentration. Slide19
U.S. Baseball Teams, 1952
Fig. 1-19: Baseball teams were highly concentrated in the Northeast and Midwest in 1952.Slide20
U.S. Baseball Teams, 2007
Fig. 1-19: By 2007, U.S. baseball teams were much more dispersed than in 1952, and their number and density at a national level had increased.Slide21
Why are different places similar?
Connections between places
Spatial Interaction
*
distance decay-the farther away one group is from another, the less likely the two groups are to interactSlide22
Diffusion
*relocation-the spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another
*expansion-the spread of a feature from one place to another in a snowballing process
*hierarchical-the spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places *contagious-the rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population