What is a VALUE A Value is An ultimate truth or standard of morality An idea about nontangible concepts Important to belief systems Value in LincolnDouglas Values in LD Debate work the same way ID: 534040
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Slide1
Values, Criteria, and Lincoln-DouglasSlide2
What is a VALUE?
A Value is:
An ultimate truth or standard of morality
An idea about non-tangible concepts
Important to belief systemsSlide3
Value in Lincoln-Douglas
Values in LD Debate work the same way
An Ultimate truth or standard of morality
Debate lies in which Truth or Moral Standard is MOST correctSlide4
What are some common Values?
Life
The condition of being; existence
Justice
Giving each his/her due; what is deserved
Autonomy
A person is in charge of him/herself
Equality
Being treated the same as others within a society
Human Dignity
Every human is moral and can express opinions without discrimination
Liberty
The right to be free from governmental constraintsSlide5
Other Values
Use these Values to complete the project
Anthropocentrism
Autonomy
Biocentrism
Categorical Imperative
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Democracy
Deontology
Equality
Human Dignity
Individual Autonomy
Justice
Liberty
Life
Majority Rule
Minority Rights
National Security
National Sovereignty
Pragmatism
Social Contract
Teleology
UtilitarianismSlide6
Value Debates Can Be Difficult
…
For example, lying to an unarmed mugger — saying that you are an expert at karate — and thus convincing him to flee rather than rob you violates
honesty
, but preserves the values of property, nonviolence, and personal security.Slide7
Consider the sentence
…
PIZZA
IS GOOD.
If
“good” has a definite, permanent, imperishable meaning, then everyone (or virtually everyone) would agree that PIZZA IS
GOOD.
But what about the people who don’t
ike
pizza? Some people
are allergic to wheat, or cheese, or tomatoes; some people would say that PIZZA IS BAD is a more accurate sentence.
But
if pizza is both GOOD and BAD, then we are left
with chaos and cannot choose who wins this debate
…. So, we must have a better criterion.
PIZZA IS GOOD = You aren’t really talking about pizza at all. Rather, you are talking about yourself. I ENJOY PIZZA. PIZZA APPEALS TO MY SENSE OF TASTE. I APPROVE OF PIZZA AS NUTRITIOUS ITALIAN FOOD. Each of these sentences, we sense, in some way preserves the meaning of the original sentence — yet they are talking, not about some abstract quality of the pizza, but about personal taste and preference. Much of the informal usage of the word Slide8
Value and Criterion
Values are, essentially, overarching and non-specific ideas
We need a way to measure if Value exists
Criterion:
A way to measure the presence of a Value
Like a measuring stickSlide9
Value and Criterion
The Value criterion is a “weighing standard” for arguments
Criterions must be both necessary and sufficient
Will it acknowledge and achieve the value?
Think Car Parts
Value=Car
Criterion=Engine?Slide10
Criterion
Your criterion
will often be
[
verb
+ object],
such as
protecting life
minimizing suffering
rejecting violence
encouraging participation
Creating equality Slide11
Topic Analysis
Scary clown Example
... What Values are possible?
Honesty
vs
SafetyHonesty is being uphold when you are “telling truth”
Safety
is being uphold when you are “protecting children
”
Girl Walks in Room Example
Honesty is
beging
upheld when you are “telling the truth”
Kindness is being upheld when you are “protecting feelings” Slide12
Topic Analysis
Resolved: Individuals have a moral obligation to help people in need.
Value=
How can we measure the value as it relates to THIS topic?
Resolved: A government’s obligation to protect the environment ought to take precedence over economic development.
Value=
How can we measure the value as it relates to THIS topic?Slide13
Topic Analysis
With your case; your group will
i
ntroduce your case to the class & present the following informaiton:
Identify what value that you would use to argue this side
Identify the criterion
List 2 reasons (contentions) why this side should be voted for (make sure your reasons align with your value & criterion)
Do this for both the PRO & CONSlide14
LD in a Nutshell
**Note: These times are for our class only
Affirmative Case – 5 Minutes
Negative CX – 2 minutes
Negative Case and Rebuttal – 6 Minutes
Affirmative CX – 2 Minutes
Affirmative Rebuttal and Voters – 3 Minutes
Negative Rebuttal and Voters – 2 minutesSlide15
Our LD Topics