North Africa and Southwest Asia Physical Geography Physical Geography Plate Tectonics Clashing Plates Arabian Plate into Eurasian Plate Separating Plates Arabian Plate pulling apart from African Plate ID: 761507
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North Africa and Southwest Asia Physical Geography
Physical Geography Plate Tectonics Clashing Plates Arabian Plate into Eurasian PlateSeparating PlatesArabian Plate pulling apart from African Plate Red Sea
Physical Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest Asia Deserts The Sahara Desert - The Saudi Arabian DesertThe Libyan DesertNegev Desert
Desert Bedouins
Rub al-Khali : “The Empty Quarter”
Desert Oases: Water at a Premium!
Fresh Groundwater Sources
Desalinization Plants
Physical Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest Asia: Mountains Mountains Atlas MountainsThorus Mts (Turkey)Elburz & Zagros Mts. (Iran)Golan Heights (Israel)
Mountain Ranges in Mid-East Elburz Mts., Iran Zagros Mts., Iran Lebanese Mts. Taurus Mts., Turkey
Physical Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest Asia: Water Rivers & Sea The Nile RiverThe Tigris & Euphrates RiversThe Jordan RiverThe Red SeaGulfs - Persian Gulf, Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Aqaba Lakes Dead SeaSea of Galilee
River Systems There are two great river systems: 1. Tigris-Euphrates Rivers (Iraq) - Flow south from the mountains of Turkey - Both rivers join south of Baghdad and flow into the Persian Gulf - For 1000’s of years, people have lived here because of the rivers irrigating the land 2. Nile River (Egypt) - Longest river in Africa and the world - Begins in the highlands of East Africa (flows 4000 miles north to the Mediterranean Sea) - The river brings rich soil and water to the Nile Valley Without the Nile, few people could live in Egypt (“the gift of the Nile”) 96% of Egypt is desert.
The Mighty Nile River: “Longest River in the World”
Egypt: The “Gift of the Nile” Annual Nile Flooding Nile Delta 95% of the Egyptian people live on 5% of the land!
Aswan High Dam, Egypt Hydroelectric Power Plant
Suez Canal Completed by the British in 1869
The Tigris & Euphrates River System Mesopotamia: ”Land Between the Two Rivers” Marsh Arabs, So. Iraq
Wadis – Instant Springs
Qanats Underground tunnels built by specialists. The gently slopping tunnels use gravity to transport water from it’s source, usually at base of mountains. Qanat tunnels can measure 20 to 30 milesOriginally used in the first century by the Persians in present day Iran.Qanat tunnels were hand-dug, just large enough to fit the person doing the digging.Many qanats are still in use stretching from China on the east to Morocco on the west, and even to the Americas
Fertile Crescent
The Fertile Crescent
Physical Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest Asia Climates Desert Climates with less than 10” of rain under high pressure latitude belt and NE trade windsmed. zones on Northern Africa coast & eastern coasts of Mediterrean