et Gerundium Robert Patrick PhD Parkview High School ndus nda ndum Gerundivium est participium Est futurum Est passivum Vir senator ID: 615015
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Slide1
Gerundivium et Gerundium
Robert Patrick, PhD
Parkview High School
Slide2
-ndus, -nda
, -
ndum
Gerundivium
est
participium
.
Est
futurum
.
Est
passivum
.
Vir
“senator”
voca
nd
us
meus
pater est.
Femina
“mater”
mox
voca
nd
a
est
uxor mea.
Coloni
e nave “Mayflower”
vocata
saxum
conspexerunt
“Plymouth”
voca
nd
um
.Slide3
Quomodo formatum
est
?
Present stem +
ndus
,
nda
,
ndum
1.
Voca
+
ndus
=
vocandus
(-are verbs)
2.
Doce
+
ndus
=
docendus
(-
ēre
verbs)
3.
Scrib
+
endus
=
scribendus
(-ere verbs)
4. Audi +
endus
=
audiendus
(
io
-ere and –ire verbs:
capio
/
capere
;
venio
, venire)Slide4
Usus Gerundivi
Most common: gerundive + some form of
esse
= obligation
Medicus
vocandus
est
.
The doctor must be called.
Discipuli
magistro
docendi
sunt
.
The students must be taught by the teacher.
Fabula
mihi
scribenda
erat
.
The story had to be written by me/I had to write the story.
Res
iudici
audienda
erit
.
The case will have to be heard by a judge.Slide5
Usus Gerundivi 2
Gerundivum
ut
adiectivum
Puella
invenienda
The girl to be found
Puer
spectandus
The
boy to be watched
Bellum
gerendum
The war to be waged
(practice on notes)Slide6
Usus Gerundivi 3
Gerundivum
in
sententia
propositi
(purpose):
Discipuli
ad
refectorium
cucurrerunt
. . .
The students ran to the cafeteria . . .
a
d
prandium
consumendum
t
o eat lunch
a
d
gladiatores
videndos
to see the gladiators
a
d
amicos
conveniendos
t
o meet friends
a
d
puellas
agitandas
t
o chase girls
a
d
pueros
molestandos
to bother boys
(practice on notes)Slide7
Quid est gerundium
?
A gerund is the neuter form of the gerundive used as a noun only in the genitive, dative, accusative and ablative
case. Exempli
Gratia:
Genitive: clamor
pugnand
i
The noise of fighting
Dative:
Pecunia
adest
solvend
o
.
Money is here for spending.
Accusative:
Panem
paravi
ad
gustand
um
I prepared the bread for enjoying.
Ablative: Argumentum
carminis
est
de
amand
o
.
The theme of the song is about loving.
(practice on notes)Slide8
Subject please?
In Latin, when we want a verbal action to be the subject, we simply use the infinitive which is treated like a neuter, singular noun.
Working teaches me patience.
Laborare
me
patientiam
docet
.
Living is good.
Vivere
est
bonum
.
Sharing with another is a good thing.
Partire
cum
alio
est
bonum
.Slide9
Practice
Singing is my gift.
Cantare
est
donum
meum
.
Rejecting evil is the good road.
Spernere
malum
est
via bona.
Grieving is a wound of the soul.
Dolere
est
vulnus
animi.
Write one of your own.