1 distinguish between the classification of vegetables 2 identify the nutrients present in vegetables and their functions 3 explain the purchasing and storing of fresh vegetables Essential Questions ID: 740361
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Slide1
VegetablesSlide2
Objective
Students will be able to:
1) distinguish between the classification of vegetables
2) identify the nutrients present in vegetables and their functions
3) explain the purchasing and storing of fresh vegetables Slide3
Essential Questions
1) How are vegetables classified?
2) What nutrients are supplied by vegetables?
3) Why are they important in your diet?
4) How can vegetables be prepared and served?
5) How should vegetables be purchased and stored?Slide4
Vegetable Classifications - 8
Vegetables are
often
classified according
to the part of the plant from which they come.
Bulbs
Flowers
Fruits
StemsLeavesSeedsTubersRootsSlide5
Bulbs
Examples:
Garlic and onionsSlide6
Flowers
Examples:
Artichokes, broccoli and cauliflowerSlide7
Fruits
Examples:
Tomatoes, Cucumbers, Eggplant, Okra, Peppers, Pumpkins and SquashSlide8
Stems
Examples:
Asparagus and celerySlide9
Leaves
Examples:
Brussels sprouts, cabbage, lettuce and spinach. Slide10
Seeds
Examples:
Peas, corn and beans.Slide11
Tubers
Examples:
Potatoes and Sweet Potatoes Slide12
Roots
Examples:
Beets, carrots, parsnips, radishes, rutabagas, and turnips.Slide13
Color and Flavor
These are two other ways to classify vegetables.
1) FLAVOR:
Strong flavored
vegetables would include:
Brussels sprouts, turnips and cauliflower.
Mild flavored vegetables would include: Peas, beans and potatoes2) COLOR: Green vegetables(leafy) might include: Spinach, Swiss chard, and kale ChlorophyllOrange/Yellow vegetables might include: carrots, sweet potatoes and pumpkin CaroteneWhite vegetables
might include: Cauliflower and Parsnips flavones
Red vegetables
might include: beets and red
cabage
anthocyanin Slide14
Nutritional Value
-
3 to 5 servings of vegetables should be included in your diet every day.
-They are low in calories/fat and are rich in fiber which promotes good digestion.
-
Vegetables provide an excellent source of vitamins and minerals that can reduce your risk for stroke, heart disease, diabetes and some forms of cancer!
Here’s why:
Leafy green and deep yellow vegetables
= excellent sources of Vitamin A, Calcium and Iron. Vitamin A is good for your hair, skin, and eyes. Calcium builds strong teeth and bones and Iron is good for your red blood cells! Broccoli, green peppers, and raw cabbage = excellent sources of Vitamin C which is good for your immune system and reduces the risk of many diseases. All vegetables = fair amounts of the B Vitamins Vegetable skin and pulp = fiber which aids in digestion.Seeds, roots and tubers(starchy vegetables)= good carbsSlide15
Selecting Fresh Vegetables
Look for these signs for freshness
:
Good color, firmness and absence of bruising/decay.
Avoid wilted and misshapen vegetables.
Medium in size are best. Small veggies may be immature and lack flavor while large veggies can be over-mature and tough.
Also note
:Handle vegetables carefully to prevent bruising.Buy only what you will use within a short time. Vegetables lose quality quickly.Vegetables in season are usually high in quality and low in price.Slide16
Storing Fresh Vegetables
You should use them ASAP for best flavor, appearance and nutritive value. Most can keep in fridge for at least a few days
or in plastic bags/containers at room temperature. Slide17
Cost of Vegetables
The cost of vegetables depends on the time of year. Vegetables cost less when purchased during their peak growing season.
Example: Jersey corn is cheapest in the summer months.
If vegetables are purchased in the off season you will pay more. Remember you are paying shipping and handling for that item to get to you.
Next time you are in the produce section, check out the stickers on your veggies and see where your produce is coming from.Slide18
Other options for purchasing Vegetables
If you can’t buy fresh why not buy:
Canned
Frozen
DriedSlide19
Canned
These can be whole, sliced or in pieces and most are in water. A few may be stored in sauces. Some are also available in jars
These usually cost less than fresh or frozen. House brands (i.e.. Stop n Shop brand) will be less than commercial (Green Giant).
Choose cans that are free from dents, bulges, and leaks.
Store in a cool, dry place and store unused portions in the fridge.Slide20
Frozen Vegetables
These retain their appearance and flavor better than canned or dried varieties. It may alter their texture a little.
These usually cost less than fresh, especially when looking for those not in season.
Choose packages that are clean and solidly frozen. Store in the coldest part of the freezer.Slide21
Dried Vegetables
Most common are: peas, beans and lentils. These legumes are high in protein and excellent sources of fiber.
Choose those that are uniform in size, free from visible defects and brightly colored.
Store them in covered containers in a cool dry place.Slide22
Preparing vegetables - Raw
Most vegetables can be enjoyed raw and that is truly the most advantageous for vitamin absorption.
Remember raw veggies must be washed and trimmed well.
Trim bruised areas.
Use a vegetable brush to scrub stubborn dirt from crevices.
Do not soak your vegetables as nutrients may be lost this way.
Leafy green vegetables may need several washings to remove dirt and sand.Slide23
Cooked Vegetables
Changes take place in vegetables when they are cooked.
Cellulose(fiber) softens to make chewing easier.
Starch absorbs water, swells and becomes easier to digest.
Flavors and nutrients change, and some may be lost.
Notes:
Properly cooked
=Veggies with a crisp-tender texture and pleasant color. Easily pierced with a fork.
Overcooked= undesirable changes in color, texture, flavor. May loose some of their nutrients.Slide24
Effects of Cooking Vegetables on their color/pigment:
Green vegetables contain
chlorophyll
. Heat affects this and that is why overcooked vegetables may look duller in color.
Yellow vegetables contain
carotene
(a source of Vitamin A). Heat does not destroy this, but it will escape into the water. Less water is best!
White vegetables contain
flavones. Which are soluble in water. They will turn yellow or dark grey if overcooked.Red vegetables contain anthocyanin. Alkali in water will affect it. Also cook in small amount of water or add some lemon juice or vinegar when cooking.Slide25
Effects of Cooking Vegetables on their Flavor:
Mildly flavored vegetables (green beans, peas, spinach): Should only be cooked in a small amount of water.
Strongly flavored(Cabbage, broccoli, turnips) should be covered in water allowing some of the flavor to escape.
Very strongly flavored(Onions, leeks) should also be covered in water.Slide26
Methods of Cooking Vegetables
In water: boiling or blanching
Over water: Steaming
Baking
Frying
Broiling
MicrowavingSlide27
Cooking in water
Suggestions: Use a pan with a tight fitting lid and add a small amount of water and salt. Bring to a boil and add vegetables. Cover and quickly bring to a boil again. Reduce heat and simmer until crisp-tender.Slide28
Steaming
Place vegetables in a steam basket over simmering water. Cover pan tightly and steam until visually or fork-tender.Slide29
Baking
Some vegetables can be baked in their skins (think potatoes!)
Techniques vary with vegetable and recipe. Follow all instructions carefully.
This takes longer than other methods.Slide30
Frying
Deep fried,
sauteed
in oil, stir frying are all examples.
Placing the vegetables in a pan with some sort of fat (EVOO, vegetable oil, butter, etc) will prevent them from sticking to the sides and provide flavor
Best to cook them over medium heat until tender.Slide31
Broiling
Brush cut surfaces with oil or melted fat. Place under the broiling unit and cook until tender. Careful! These cook quickly and must be watched!
Think tomatoes, eggplants and
brussels
sprouts. Slide32
Microwave
Vegetables cooked this way often retain their shapes, color, flavor and nutrients given the short cooking time.
Frozen vegetables cooked in their packages must be vented for steam to escape.
Potatoes or tight skin vegetables should be pierced so they don’t explode.
Remember all vegetables will be hot when they come out so handle carefully and let them sit before cutting or eating!Slide33
Vegetable Finale!
Vegetables look good and are good for you!
They can be purchased, prepared and served in many different ways!
Your body needs the essential vitamins and nutrients provided by them.
Eat at least 3 to 5 a day!Slide34
Succulents
Flower, fruit, stem, and leaf vegetables are also called succulents because of their high moisture content.
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