Roman Military - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Roman Military

Osvaldo JaimesSlide2

Table of contents

Weapons

Armor

Roman Ranks SO

Roman Ranks Other

Groups

Roman GeneralsDisciplineDecimationBibliographySlide3

Pugio (dagger)

Dagger like weapon used by legionnaires Secondary WeaponLeaf Shaped Blade3 millimeters thin

18-28 cm longSlide4

Gladius (sword)

Short sword of the SPQRUsed mostly to stab rather than slash due to space Known as “Spanish Sword” due to inheritance from Spain Design of hilt identified the rank of the soldierSlide5

Hasta (spear)

Used to stab and smack the enemy rather than being thrownWooden shaft made of ash Iron Triangular shaped tip

Usually found at the last line of army carried by legionnaires Slide6

Pilum (javelin)

Heavier javelin than normalWhen thrown with speed, the impact, would pierce through a shield or armorWhen pierced in a shield, the pilum is not easy to take out and is uselessSlide7

Spatha

Longer than Gladius

Worn on Left hip30-39 inches in lengthRomans adopted it

from

Germanic foesSlide8

Verutum (light javelin)Javelin lighter and shorter than the pilumUsed by the Velites or light infantry]1.1 meter long shaft with a 13 centimeter tipUsed mostly to keep war elephants away Was replaced by the

pilumSlide9

Lorica Segmentata

More improved version of gladiator torso armorLaminated iron straps joined together by hooks or leather strapsiron straps gave you maximum protection

Design of the armor allowed for easy torso movementsSlide10

Lorica

Hamata

“hook armor”Made completely of ironKnown to be worn by the heavy infantry legionnaires Made of small heavy metal rings making it the strongest yet most flexible piece of armorSlide11

Parma

36 inch shield in diameter

Frame was made of iron making it very effective

Worn by the lowest division- The

Velites

effective in blocking arrowsSlide12

Manica (Arm Guard)Proved to be effective by gladiatorsMade of overlapping iron or bronze circular bands latched on leatherFlexible and comfortable to be worn by a swordsmanSlide13

Caligae (boots)Sandals with heavy thick solesBoots were laced from the center to the ankle of the foot by leather strapsOpen air design to avoid blistersSame design for every soldier Slide14

Tribuni AngusticlaviiYoung soldiersPart of high raked familiesThere were 5 tribuni angusticlavii in each legionSlide15

Praefectus CastorumUsuallly war veteransHard on their legionsThird in commandHad some of the least powerSlide16

Tribunis LaticlaviusCo leader of the legionsIn charge after the DuxMostly needed when anything happened to the other leadersLess power than the DuxSlide17

DuxGeneral for more than 2 legionsEvery Dux was a professionalLeaders of more than 1 unitCommanded the troopsSlide18

LegatusCommanded up to 6,000 soldiersServed for ONLY 2 yearsPolitical authoritySlide19

DecanusCommanded 8 soldiers Contubernium= 8 soldiersSlide20

DecurioCommander of a small calvary10-30 menOriginally commanded a decuria (10)Later commanded a turma

(32)Slide21

Tesserarius2nd in commandOne in every centuriaAdministrative assistantSimilar to non commissioned officersSlide22

Optio60 per legionChosen by a centurionSimilar to an executive officerEnforced orders of a centurionSlide23

LegionMade up of 5,400 menEach legion had smaller groups inside of itMade up of citizensSlide24

Centuria100 soldiersAfter the roman legionsCommanded by a centurion which was a professional leaderSlide25

CohortCenturia had 10 cohortsHad from 480-500 menBasic unitJunior officers helped in commandingSlide26

CalvarySoldiers on horsesStarted in 338 B.C,Had an end to the calvary Slide27

Julius CaesarJulius Caesar considered one of the best Roman Generals. During the Civil war he helped the Empire grow and get more powerful. He was very popular in Rome and later became leader of Rome.Slide28

Scipio AfricanusScipio Africanus was a general in the second Punic War against Hannibal, which he managed to defeat. He was best known for his tactics and his studying of Hannibal’s tactics which led him to victory.Slide29

Augustus Caesar Augustus mostly like Julius was very popular and really smart. He was best when hard situations were brought to him. He was the emperor from September 63 B.C. until August 14 A.D. He was known for creating the era of peace and being victorious against big leadersSlide30

Pecunaria MultaDeductions were placed on the soldier’s pay checkYou were given several chances for this disciplineYou eventually got hitSlide31

FustuariumGet beaten to deathGo to courtIf you were able to escape you would have no peaceSlide32

Unmanly ActsPunished if you were a cowardPunished in groups of tenLess food was given to youBeaten to deathSlide33

DecimationIn English the word decimation means to destroy or obliterate completely. In Latin decimatio meant to destroy 1/10 of something. The difference between these two is in English you get rid of that particular something completely.Slide34

Bibliography

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_military_personal_equipment#Pugio

http://www.ancientmilitary.com/roman-weapons.htm

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/ancient-roman-weapons.html

http://

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatha

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verutumhttp://www.buzzle.com/articles/ancient-roman-armor.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parma_(shield)http://s_van_dorst.tripod.com/Ancient_Warfare/Rome/hierarchy.html

http://www.makethelist.net/top-10-greatest-roman-generals

/

http://

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decurio

http://

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decurio

http://

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TesserariusSlide35

Bibliography

http://

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scipio_Africanus

http://

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustus

http://

www.biography.com/people/julius-caesar-9192504http://www.buzzle.com/articles/roman-army-ranks-in-order.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_legion

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centuria

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cohort_(military_unit)

http://www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/roman-army/roman-cohorts.htm

http://

www.bible-history.com/sketches/ancient/roman-centurion.html

http://

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_cavalry

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_military_decorations_and_punishments

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Caesar