FG s behave similarly in every molecule they are part of The chemistry of the organic molecule is defined by the function groups it contains brPage 3br Alkanes and Alkane Isomers Alkanes organic compounds with only CC and CH single bonds general ID: 55292
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NaminesCSHCCSthiolssulfides (disulfides)acidicbasicHOopsinLys-NH2HNHLys- opsin+rhodopsinCarbon-nitrogen multiple bondsNimine(Schiff base) OctaneC8H189CH3(CH2)7CH3NonaneC9H2010CH3(CH2)8CH3DecaneC10H22Alkyl substituents (group): carbon chains which are a substructue of a moleculeone carbon group off a main chainR= Rest of the molecule (mainchain)1CH CH2CH2CH2CH3CH3CH37 carbons = hept-CH3CHHCCH3CH2CH2CH3CH2CH3CH3CHCHCH3CH2CH2CH3CH2CH32 branch pts.1 branch pt.2.Numbering the carbons of the parent chain a.Number the carbon atoms of the parent chain so that any branch points have the lowest possible number b.If there is branching equidistant from both ends of the parent chain, number so the second branch point has the lowest number.CH3CHHCCH2CH2CH2CH2CH3CH3CH3CH3CHHCCH2CH2CH2CH2CH3CH3CH312371234554667branch pts. at carbons 3 and 4branch pts. at carb 98754321H3CCH2CH3Parent C-9 = nonane3- ethyl4-methyl7-methyl4,7-dimethyl4c. If two or more identical substituents are present use the prefixes:di- for twotri- for threetetra- for fournote: these prefixes (di-, tri-, tetra-, etc.) are not used for alphabetizing purposes6CH3CHCH2CH2CH2CHCHCH3CH2CH398754321H3CCH2CH33- ethyl-4,7-dimethyl CH2HCCH2CH3CH3CH3123456789101232,6-dimethyl-4-(1-methylpropyl)decaneCH2Nonsystematic (trivial) Names:3-carbons:4-Carbons:5- Carbons:Alphabetizing trivial names: Iso- and neo are part of the alkyl group name and are used for alphabetizing.sec- and tert- are not included in the alphabetical order.4-(1-methylethyl)heptane-or-4-Isopropylheptane2-methyl-6-(2-methylpropyl)decane-or-6-Isobutyl-2-methyldecan CH3CH2CH2CH2OHn-butanol1¡ alcoholsCH3CH2CHCH3OHsec-butanol2¡ alcoholCH3COHCH3CH3tert-butanol3¡ 121-Ethyl-2-methylcyclohexane-not-2-Ethyl-1-methylcyclohexaneCH3Cl1-Chloro-2-methylcyclobutane3. Halogen SubstituentsHalogen substituents are treated exactly like alkyl groups:-Ffluoro--Clchloro--Brbromo--I HOprostaglandin E1HOOesteroneOOHtestosteroneOHgr