PPT-TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS

Natàlia Morante Aina Maria Nicolau Marta Vila Introduction TFs Gene expression Key cellular components Molecular recognition exact fit between the surfaces of 2 molecules GENE. Central Dogma of Biology. Information flows from . DNA .  RNA  Proteins. Think of it as exchanging money in a different country: proteins cannot be built directly from DNA. Three main processes involved:. Andrey Grigoriev. Director, Center for Computational and Integrative Biology. . Rutgers University. 2. What are we going to do?. Observe effects of fundamental processes. Estimate their relative contribution. DNA. RNA. PROTEIN. RNA and Transcription. RNA. R. ibo. n. ucleic . A. cid. another type of nucleic acid similar to DNA found in cells. also a polymer made of nucleotides. takes information from the nucleus to the rest of the cell. Understanding:. Gene expression is regulated by proteins that bind to specific base sequences in DNA . The environment of a cell and of an organism has an impact on gene expression. Nucleosomes help to regulate transcription in eukaryotes. i. n Eukaryotes. Lecture #2. 1/23/17. References. . A few of the many insights from RNA polymerase structures. Cramer, P. (2002) . Multisubunit. RNA polymerases. . Curr. . Opin. . Struct. . Biol. BNFO 602/691. Biological Sequence Analysis. Mark Reimers, VIPBG. Why TFBS?. Protein transcription factors were among the first gene regulators identified. Many TFBS have distinct sequences, which were suitable for bioinformatics analysis. Structure. Central Dogma. Template Strand. Coding Strand. RNA Functions. RNA Building Blocks. Structure. Eukaryotic Process. RNA Polymerase. Subunits (Prokaryotes). α (2). β. β’. ω. σ. Transcription. Geeta. . Narlikar. ) . . January 19, 2017 – Transcription Initiation and its Regulation in Bacteria. January 23, 2017 – Transcription Initiation and its Regulation in Eukaryotes. January 26, 2016 – Chromatin 1. Dr. Vladimir Teif. BS222 – Genome Science Lecture 4. Module structure. Genomes, sequencing projects and genomic databases (VT) (Oct 9, 2018). Sequencing technologies (VT) (Oct 11, 2018). Genome architecture I: protein coding genes (VT) (Oct 16, 2018). . Dr. Shumaila Asim. Lecture # 2. 1. RNA Synthesis . (Transcription). . Introduction. First step in gene expression . RNA is involved in the transfer of genetic information stored in DNA to proteins . Chargaff's rule. states DNA of any species contains equal amounts of guanine and cytosine and also equal amounts of adenine and thymine. . This pattern is found in both strands of the DNA. . They were discovered by Austrian chemist Erwin Chargaff. , Transcription Factors, and Chromatin Remodeling The Gene • Complex collection of sequences that o Controls a phenotype ▪ Individually • OR ▪ Complexed with the action of other genes • RNA Polymerases of Eukaryotes. Since typical eukaryotic cells have 10 times as many genes as do bacteria, the whole process of transcription and its regulation is more complex. . Indeed, eukaryotes have multiple RNA polymerases, unlike bacteria which have just one. Typical . Mamoun Ahram, PhD. 1. Resources. This lecture. Cooper, Chapter 8. Regulation. of transcription in prokaryotes . The lac operon. 3. Metabolism of lactose. In the 1950s, pioneering experiments were carried out by François Jacob and Jacques Monod who studied regulation of gene transcription in E. coli by analyzing the expression of enzymes involved in the metabolism of lactose. .