PPT-ALKYL HALIDES OR

HALOALKANES DHEERAJ GUPTA ALKYL HALIDES OR HALOALKANES An organic compound containing at least one carbonhalogen bond CX X F Cl Br I replaces H Alkyl halides are organic molecules containing a halogen atom bonded to an . Structures and Properties. Halogen is connected to a tetrahedral carbon. The carbon-halogen bond is polarized with the carbon having a partial positive charge and the halogen having a partial negative charge. . Competing Reactions. Alkyl halides can react with Lewis bases by . nucleophilic substitution and/or elimination.. C. C. H. X. +. Y. :. –. C. C. Y. H. X. :. –. +. C. C. +. H. Y. X. :. –. +. . Structure. Alkyl halides (R−X) have an alkyl group joined to a halogen atom by a single . bond.. As . you go down the periodic . table,. the . size of the halogen atom . increases. the . C−X bond is . Structure. Ethers have two organic groups (alkyl, aryl, or vinyl) bonded to the same oxygen . atom.. R groups are identical = symmetrical ether. R groups are different = unsymmetrical ether. Oxygen is . Compounds. Chem. 108. Chapter 6. 1. An organic compound containing at least one . . carbon-halogen bond (C-X). X (F, . Cl. , Br, I) replaces H. Can contain many C-X bonds. Organic Halogen Compounds. King Saud University . Chemistry Department. 145 Chem. 1. 145 Chem. 2. King Saud University . Chemistry Department. CH. 3. -X and R-CH. 2. -X : Primary alkyl halide.. (R). 2. -CH-X : Secondary alkyl halide.. 145 Chem. 1. 145 Chem. 2. Alkyl Halides. 145 . Chem. 3. CH. 3. -X and R-CH. 2. -X : Primary alkyl halide.. (R). 2. -CH-X : Secondary alkyl halide.. (R). 3. -C-X : Tertiary alkyl halide.. . Dr. . Shatha. I . Alaqeel. 108 . Chem. Learning Objectives. Chapter five discusses the following topics and by the end of this chapter the students will:. . . Recognize the structure and classes of alkyl halides. Dr. Talat R. Al-. Ramadhany. Aryl halides (. Ar. -x. ). Aryl . halides are organic compounds containing halogen atom attached to an aromatic ring. They have the general formula . ArX. , where (. Ar. Chemistry 335 Supplemental Slides: Chapter 2 . 1. To build molecular orbitals, first recall that the energy of the ‘starting’ atomic orbitals depends the electronegativity of the element, which you can get from the periodic table.... Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University. http://fac.ksu.edu.sa/melnewehy. Organic Halogen Compounds. Classes and Nomenclature of Halogen Compounds. - Alkyl halides. , . R-X.. - Depending on the type of carbon to which the halogen is attached, . Halogen is connected to a tetrahedral carbon. The carbon-halogen bond is polarized with the carbon having a partial positive charge and the halogen having a partial negative charge. The size of the halogen increases as you move down the group. Haloalkanes. Hunsdiecker. Reaction. Addition of Hydrogen Halides on Alkenes. Markownikoffs. rule:. Anti . Markownikoffs. rule. Physical properties of alkyl halides . 1. . Boiling point orders. R – I > R – Br > R – CI > R – F. Several types of functional groups contain a carbon atom singly bonded to a heteroatom. Common examples include alkyl halides (RX, X: F, Cl, Br, I), alcohols (ROH), ethers (ROR), and amines (RNH2, R2NH, R3N, R4N+)..