Imperialism The Partition of Africa World History

Transcript:Imperialism The Partition of Africa World History:
Imperialism The Partition of Africa World History Standards W. 20 Describe the natural resources and geographic features of Africa, their role in attracting European economic interests, and their impact on global trade. W. 21 Analyze the outcomes of the Berlin Conference and the impact of superimposed boundaries on African indigenous populations, and compare the geographic progression of imperialistic claims on the African continent by European empires. W. 22 Describe successful (e.g., Ethiopia) and unsuccessful (e.g., Zulu Wars and Ashanti Wars) examples of African resistance to European imperialism. Africa in the Early 1800s In the late 1800s, Britain, France, Germany, and other European nations began claiming African territories Across Africa, people spoke hundreds of languages and developed varied governments ranging from large states to small village communities Africa in the Early 1800s Before 1800, much of North Africa fell under part of the Muslim world, remaining under the declining Ottoman Empire By the early 1800s, an Islamic revival spread across West Africa, beginning among the Fulani people in Nigeria The scholar and preacher Usman dan Fodio called for social and religious reforms based on sharia law Africa in the Early 1800s Usman and his successors set up a powerful Islamic state in northern Nigeria Their success inspired other Muslim reform movements in West Africa, and more than a dozen Islamic rulers rose to power Islamic states had long influenced eastern Africa where a profitable trade had arisen in the slave trade Africa in the Early 1800s In South Africa, the Zulus emerged as a major force under the leadership of Shaka Though Shaka waged relentless wars and conquered many nearby peoples, he set off mass migrations and wars By the 1830s, the Zulus faced the threat of the Boers, descendants of Dutch farmers forced from the Cape Colony by the British Africa in the Early 1800s Although the Zulus held their own at first, their spears could not defeat Boer guns, and the struggle for Zulu land would continue until the end of the century Though European nations began outlawing the slave trade, it continued to Asia In 1787, the British organized Sierra Leone as a colony for former slaves, and later freed slaves from the US established Liberia Europeans Advance into Africa In the 1800s, medical advances and the river steamship changed the course of African history European explorers began pushing into the interior of Africa to map its great