Sharon Jackson Food Security Public Health and Other Consequences of Animalborne Illnesses What is One Health Why is it important Food Security Public Health and Other Consequences of Animalborne Illnesses ID: 933244
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"One Health" Food Security, Public Health and Other Consequences of Animal-borne Illnesses
Sharon Jackson
Slide2Food Security, Public Health and Other Consequences of Animal-borne Illnesses
What is “One Health?”
Why is it important?
Slide3Food Security, Public Health and Other Consequences of Animal-borne Illnesses
One Health
affects Food Security
affects Nutritional Status
affects Immunity
affects Disease Susceptibility
Slide4Food Security, Public Health and Other Consequences of Animal-borne Illnesses
Key characteristic – Human Nutrition
Goats and chickens are important sources of nutrition
Slide5Food Security, Public Health and Other Consequences of Animal-borne Illnesses
Slide6Food Security, Public Health and Other Consequences of Animal-borne Illnesses
Advantage of goats
and chickens in food security
No requirement for formal feed
inputs
Sustainability of goats and chickens in agricultural production
Food
Non-food animal products Fertilizerhair
Slide7Food Security, Public Health and Other Consequences of Animal-borne Illnesses
Animal and human burden of disease
Avian influenza
May cause significant disease if a
highly pathogenic
variant in both domestic birds and humans
Spread by infectious droppings or aerosols
Newcastle diseaseMay cause significant disease in domestic birds , minor disease in humans
Spread by infectious aerosols
Brucellosis
May have significant disease in humans, may be asymptomatic in goats
Spread by contact with infectious material, including milk
Slide8Food Security, Public Health and Other Consequences of Animal-borne IllnessesLoss of protein provided goats and chickens
Adults and child development
Less wealth accumulation
Loss or reduction in eggs and milk
Slide9Food Security, Public Health and Other Consequences of Animal-borne IllnessesThe relationship between nutrition and human immune function
Protein
Micronutrients (vitamins and minerals)
Slide10Food Security, Public Health and Other Consequences of Animal-borne Illnesses
“Malnutrition is estimated to be an underlying cause of death for 55 percent of all deaths in children under 15 years old in the developing world from perinatal causes and infectious diseases.”
Source:
Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Kenrad
Nelsen et al
Slide11Food Security, Public Health and Other Consequences of Animal-borne IllnessesMalnutrition and infectious disease susceptibility and maternal health
Impact on pregnancy, parturition and post-parturition
Impact
of low birth weight
Circulation of common childhood and other diseases
Circulation of neglected diseases of the developing world
Slide12Food Security, Public Health and Other Consequences of Animal-borne IllnessesDiarrheal disease – Vitamins A, D, B12, folate, copper, iron, manganese, selenium, zinc
Lower respiratory infections – Vitamin D, calcium, zinc
Measles – Vitamin A
TB – Vitamin A, D (malnutrition is a major risk factor for progression)
Malaria – Vitamin A, zinc
Slide13Food Security, Public Health and Other Consequences of Animal-borne IllnessesHealth, nutrition, and economic costs and productivity
Ability to perform work
Costs of medical care
Ability to contribute to the non-farm economy
Ability to provide for family members
DALY and QALY
Slide14Food Security, Public Health and Other Consequences of Animal-borne IllnessesOther health effects
Chronic disease
“…infectious agents likely determine more cancers, immune mediated syndromes, neurodevelopmental disorders and other chronic conditions than currently appreciated.”
Emerging Infectious Diseases • www.cdc.gov/eid • Vol. 12, No. 7, July 2006
O’Connor, Taylor, and Hughes
Slide15Food Security, Public Health and Other Consequences of Animal-borne Illnesses
Questions?