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1 SEEM3460 Tutorial Unix Introduction 1 SEEM3460 Tutorial Unix Introduction

1 SEEM3460 Tutorial Unix Introduction - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2019-06-22

1 SEEM3460 Tutorial Unix Introduction - PPT Presentation

2 Introduction What is Unix An operation system OS similar to Windows MacOS X Why learn Unix Greatest Software Ever Written httpwwwinformationweekcomsharedprintableArticlejhtmlarticleID191901844 ID: 759781

file unix directory shell unix file shell directory files screen errors user working programs means gcc system learn starting

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Slide1

1

SEEM3460 Tutorial

Unix Introduction

Slide2

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Introduction

What is Unix?

An operation system (OS), similar to Windows, MacOS X

Why learn Unix?

Greatest Software Ever Written!!

http://www.informationweek.com/shared/printableArticle.jhtml?articleID=191901844

Freely available clone/distributions are under rapid development (e.g. Linux & FreeBSD)

Slide3

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Using Unix

Shell: a program that acts as a middleman between you and the UNIX OS

Terms

similar to shell:

Terminal / virtual terminal

Console

A shell

allows users to

Run

programs

Manage I/O of processes easily

A Unix shell interprets a programming language (sometimes called the shell script)

Slide4

A shell command

ls -lp ~ls: program name“ls” is the utility to list files-lp: options/switches, starting with a hyphen“l” means list in long format“p” means putting a slash after directory names~: remaining parameters actual meaning depends on the program usedfor ls, the remaining parameters are the files or directories to be listed“~” means the home directory of the current user

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Slide5

Utilities

Unix utilities are the basic programs supporting the user to control the systemExamples:date: shows the system dateman -s 1 ls: shows help on ls from the built-in manual section 1pwd: prints the working directoryecho: prints a message

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Slide6

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Unix file system in brief

A hierarchy of directories

To locate a file in the system, a

pathname

is needed

Command:

pwd

print your current working directory

Pathnames

Absolute pathnames

Starting from the root

(with a beginning “/”)

Relative pathnames

Starting from the current working directory

Slide7

Managing Files on Unix (1)

Creating an empty filetouch <newFileName>Creating (making) a directorymkdir <newDirName>Moving (renaming) a filemv <aFileName> <aDirectoryName>mv <oldFileName> <newFileName>

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Slide8

Managing Files on Unix (2)

Change working directorycd <aDirName>List files in a directory or fits the patternls <directories/filename patterns>View the content of a filecat <file paths>more <file paths>less <file paths>head <file path>tail <file path>

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Slide9

Managing Files on Unix (3)

Copying a filecp <oldFileName> <newFileName>Remove a filerm <aFileName>Remove a non-empty directoryrm –r <aDirName>Remove a whole directory without promptrm –rf <aDirName>

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Slide10

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Editing a file

nano

Adv: simple, easy to learn and use

Dis

: no GUI

emacs

Adv: has GUI, easy for beginners

Dis

: relatively slow

vi/vim (vim stands for Vi Improved)

Adv: fast for advance users

Dis

: text-version is quite difficult to learn

GUI version:

gvim

,

rgvim

To learn, type “

vitutor

” in console

Check

their “man” page for detail usages

Slide11

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Compiling C programs in Unix

Compiler:

cc – the native C compiler under Unix

gcc – C compiler under GNU project

Usage is the same, gcc is more popular

To compile a C source code file, say example.c, type in:

cc example.c

gcc example.c

The output of both compilers (i.e. the executable) would be “a.out” by default

To override the default executable name, use “-o” flag

cc example.c –o example

gcc example.c –o example

You can name the executable as .exe or .bin file to remind yourself the nature of the file

One more tip, use “-Wall” to get some warning messages

Warning message usually indicate hidden bugs

Try to understand the error messages and warning messages.

For other flags, “man cc” or “man gcc”

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Compiling C programs in Unix

If there are so many compilation errors that it cannot fit into one screen. One way is to compile by the following command:

cc example.c |& more

It means that the compilation errors will be displayed screen by screen.

That is, it will display the first screen of errors and wait.

After the user examines the errors, he/she can choose to display the next screen of errors by hitting RETURN or quit by hitting Control-C. Then, the user can go back to modify the source code.