Unit 3 The String Family Violin Viola Cello Double Bass Guitar Bass Guitar Banjo Orchestral Strings Violin Highest Viola 2 nd Highest Cello 2 nd Lowest Bass Lowest All Played With Bows ID: 721240
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Slide1
Musical Instruments
Exploring Music
Unit 3 Slide2
The String Family
Violin, Viola, Cello, Double Bass, Guitar, Bass Guitar, BanjoSlide3Slide4
Orchestral Strings
Violin- Highest
Viola- 2
nd
Highest
Cello- 2
nd
Lowest
Bass- Lowest
All Played With BowsSlide5
How are Orchestral Strings Played?
YouTube video!!!
What are three ways they can be played?Slide6
Violin
Highest string instrument
Placed on shoulder, with chin on body of instrument
Smallest string instrument
Typically plays the melody line
Vivaldi, Four Seasons violin soloSlide7
Viola
2
nd
Highest string instrument
Played same way as a violin
Wider body than the violin
Strings are also long
Bach, Viola soloSlide8
Cello
3
rd
highest string instrument
Played sitting down, with cello in between legs and left arm on bridge to play strings
Larger body, longer strings
Cello duet with piano!Slide9
Upright Bass
Lowest string instrument
Must be played standing up, some people even sit on a stool because this instrument is so large
Tallest instrument, longest stringsSlide10
Good Morning Exploring Music!
Bell Ringer for Today!
Name the 6 levels of
dynamics
.
Write down the
melody
of Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star.
List three words that can be used to describe
timbre
.
List the orchestral string instruments in order from smallest to largest
. Slide11
Elements of Music Quiz
Common mistakes: confusing texture with timbre and melody with harmony.
Spelling errors
Not using complete sentences
Not answering all parts of the questionSlide12
Quiz Corrections
You may make up the quiz and earn up to half of your points back. So… if your grade was a 10/20 and you make up all 10 points, you will receive 5 back, therefore your grade is now 15/20. (50%
75%)
You may come in before or after school to do the corrections, or during 4
th
lunch.
You have one week to make these up.
Go to
www.oceanwaychoir.com
to review the
Powerpoint
.Slide13
Any Questions about the quiz?Slide14
Back to string instruments!
Let’s talk about what all string instruments have in common and how they make the sounds they make!Slide15
How is sound produced?
By causing the string to vibrate!
In
acoustic
(non-electrical) these instruments send air waves to the body of the instrument which causes the sound to echo and produce the sound you hear!
In electrical, a
pick-up
is attached to the instrument and
amplified
(made louder) through an amp.Slide16
How does the pitch
change?
Pitch
is how high or low the instrument sounds.
Tension- Looser strings = lower pitch, tighter strings = higher pitch
Density (thickness)- Thicker strings = lower pitch,
Length- Longer strings = lower pitches, shorter strings = higher pitches.Slide17
Other Stringed Instruments
Ukulele
Guitar
Electric Bass
Sitar
Banjo
MandolinSlide18
Ukulele
Commonly associated with music from Hawaii
Can come in a variety of sizes
Why would we want different sizes of the same instrument?
Listen to Ob-la-di-
ob
-la-da!Slide19
Good Morning!
Bell Ringer:
What does
acoustic
mean?
What word means “to make louder”?
What are the three things that effect pitch change?
Where did the ukulele originate from?Slide20
Guitar
Can have anywhere from 4-18 strings, but the common guitar has 6
Played by strumming or plucking
Can be made electric with a pick-up
Used in a variety of genres worldwide
Two listening examples
Rodrigo y Gabriela
Stevie Ray VaughnSlide21
Electric BassSlide22
Banjo
4, 5, or 6 stringer instrument
Associated with country, folk, Irish, and bluegrass music
Characterized by fast
arpeggiated
plucking
Has a resonator in the body which gives it a more echoing and
pingy
sound
Let’s listen!
Dueling Banjos!
9 year old plays the Banjo!Slide23
Good Morning!!!!
Please review your notes and have out a blank sheet of paper. Number that paper 1-4. We will have a pop quiz on string instruments once the bell rings.Slide24
Pop Quiz 9/29
Name the orchestral string instruments from lowest to highest.
What does “acoustic” mean?
What are three ways string instruments can be played?
Name one of the genres (styles) of music that the banjo is commonly associated with.Slide25
Good Morning, Exploring Music!
Please place belongings under tables and bring materials to your chair.
Bell Ringer:
List the brass instruments from highest to lowest.
What instrument does not have valves?
Which brass instrument is the largest?\Slide26
Good Morning!!!
Please use your bell ringer time to go over your Woodwind Assignment with classmates. If you have any questions, be ready to discuss them after the bell rings!Slide27
Woodwinds
Highest to Lowest
Piccolo
Flute
Oboe
Clarinet
Saxophone
BassoonSlide28
How Sound is ProducedSlide29
Let’s Take a Listen
As we listen…
Write down a color for each instrument
Do you have any other words you would like to use to describe the
timbre
of each instrument?
Write down any additional questions you may have about the instrument after listening. We will go over them after we have listened to all of the instruments.Slide30
Any Questions???Slide31
Next Class
Look over your spelling list and be prepared for the quiz on Wednesday! We start percussion instruments as well
Slide32
Good Morning!!!
Look over your spelling list. The quiz will begin shortly after the bell rings.
Make sure you have a…
Piece of paper to turn in.
Something to write with.
Something to write on.Slide33
Spelling Quiz
All materials away.
At least one empty chair in between each person.
Talking/cheating…
If you do either of these, you automatically receive a zero on the quiz.Slide34
Percussion Instruments
Produce sound when struck or shaken. Percussion means “the hitting of one body against another.”
Provides rhythm to ensembles
Most consist of a solid material with a thin membrane stretched across a frame or hollow container
There are varieties of percussion instruments all over the world. We will split these up into two groups: Tuned and
Untuned
percussionSlide35
Untuned Percussion
Many percussion instruments have
indefinite pitch
, meaning they produce a noise-like sound that is not a recognizable note. This is also called “
untuned
.”
Some percussion instruments are called
membranophones
because they have a membrane stretched across a resonating chamber.
Snare drum
is a small drum that is perfect for march rhythms.
Bass drum
is played with large, padded beaters and makes low, booming sounds. Slide36Slide37
Untuned, continued…
Idiophones
are percussion instruments produces the sound by the whole body vibrating.
Metal idiophones are…
Crash cymbals
- two big saucers that crash together
Tam
tam
- Huge sheet of metal hanging from a frame (gong)
Triangle
- Solid metal bar bent into triangle shapeSlide38Slide39
Untuned, continued
Wood idiophones include…
Wood block
- a block of wood with a slit cut in it to make the sound louder
Claves
- two wooden dowels that are struck together
Castanets
- Two small shell-shaped pieces held in the hand and clicked together very rapidly.Slide40Slide41
Listening
Drumlines
use
untuned
instruments.
Let’s listen to the greatest
Drumline
in the world.
The Michigan State Marching Band
Drumline
!
What three
untuned
percussion instruments do you see?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XHpxV8tweJ0 Slide42
Tuned Percussion
These instruments produce a
definite pitch
, meaning they create recognizable notes.
Timpani
- are a set of four copper drums commonly seen in the orchestra.
The pitch can be adjusted with a
foot pedal
, which makes the drum head tighter or looser. Which adjustment will make the pitch higher or lower?
Another name for timpani is the
kettle
drum
. Slide43Slide44
Tuned, continued
Some tuned instruments use metal or wooden bars laid out like a piano keyboard.
The longer the bar, the lower the pitch. The shorter the bar, the higher the pitch.
When all the bars are put together, they create a
compound idiophone
.
Why would we call it compound?
Percussionists strike these instruments with mallets.Slide45
Tuned, continued
Glockenspiel
– metal bars that are very high in pitch with a penetrating tone.
Xylophone
– wooden bars that have
resonators
underneath to help produce a louder sound.
Marimba
– like the xylophone but can play lower pitches and has a fuller tone.
Tubular
bells
– set of hollow metal tubes hung on a rack. Percussionist strikes the top rim of the tubes with a hammer-shaped mallet. Sometimes these sound like church bells.Slide46Slide47Slide48
Listening
One guy playing a lot of orchestral percussion instruments
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=5kH7wD11vQs
A whole orchestra of percussion instruments
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHqAgKN5wGcSlide49
Coming Up…
Friday: Keyboard Instruments, Review all Instrument Families, Instrument Family Bingo (if time)
Take Home Review Sheet for Exam
Tuesday: Instrument Family Jeopardy
Thursday: Instrument Family Exam