PPT-Mutations Understand what mutations are

Understand how they occur Analyze the different types of mutations Understand how mutations affect amino acid sequences and proteins Objective Central Dogma DNA is transcribed into RNA RNA is translated into proteins. From Rotamers to Models and back via the Entropy of Water. Protein structure bioinformatics. Predict mutations . Analyse mutations. Understand biology. Design medicines (. etc. ). Homology modelling for the above. Types . of Mutations | . Effects . of . Mutations. Learning Objectives. Identify different changes to DNA within both genes and chromosomes. Evaluate effects of changes to DNA on proteins produced and organisms’ overall survival. Bases:. A, T, C, G. Codons:. Genes:. Chromosome:. DNA. Words. Chapters. Book. Not passed on to offspring. Can be passed on to offspring. M. ito. sis. M. eio. sis. Mutations. in Cell Division. A single gene. Mutations. Any unpredictable change in the structure or amount of DNA of an organism is called a . mutation. . . Most . mutations occur in . somatic (body) cells. and are not passed from one generation to the next. . Mutations are changes in the genetic material. . Mutations may be genetic mutations or chromosomal mutations.. Genetic Mutations occur in the “code” on DNA or mRNA. Mistakes in . copying the DNA :. By Karl . Menzel. Is rearrangements or Point Mutations Faster. Synteny. Blocks and Chromosomes. Mouse Human. Chimp Human. Data Reading and Sliding Window. Human vs Chimp. Human vs Mouse. and Causes. What kinds of mutations can occur?. Mutations:. Mutations: are changes in the genetic material.. Mutations can produce changes in a single nucleotide to a whole chromosome. . Gene Mutations:. >2500 cancer genomes: Overall . functional . impact. Slides freely . downloadable . from . Lectures.GersteinLab.org. . & “tweetable” . (via . @. markgerstein. ). . See last slide . for more info.. http://io9.gizmodo.com/10-unusual-genetic-mutations-in-humans-470843733. Unharmful. Mutations. Mila . Kunis. has complete . heterochromia. . Kate Bosworth has . sectoral. . heterochromia. . Angelina Jolie has central . Changes in the genetic material. Mutations can occur in two different types of Cells:. 1. Somatic (body) cells. 2. Gamete (sex or germ) cells. Mutations in somatic cells. Usually result in killing that body cell only.. Given a mutation, identify its type. Predict how a mutation will affect a protein.. Mutations. Changes in genetic material (DNA). 2 main types of mutations. Point mutation- change in one or a few nucleotides (letters). The sequence of bases in DNA are like the letters of a coded message or even the letters of a simple alphabet. . If we change the sequence of the letters do we change the nature of the message?. That . Conditional mutations. Point mutations. In . point mutations . the sequence of the DNA has been altered at a single position. Where this change consists of replacing one nucleotide by another, it is known as a . There are two basic types of mutations:. Gene mutations - mutations that produce changes in a single gene. Chromosomal mutations - mutations that produce changes in whole chromosomes. Gene mutations .