SUBJECT AND PREDICATE Love stinks Do these two words make a sentence SubjectPredicate A grammatical sentence contains a subject who or what the sentence is about and a predicate what the subject is or does and expresses a complete thought ID: 585103
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Slide1
Sentence UnitSlide2
SUBJECT AND PREDICATESlide3
Love
stinks
Do these two words make a sentence?Slide4
Subject/Predicate
A grammatical
sentence contains a
subject
(who or what the sentence is about) and a
predicate
(what the subject is or does) and expresses a complete thought.
“Love”
is the subject of the sentence and
“stinks”
is the predicate.
These words have multiple meanings and can act as different parts of speech than they’re being used as here. It depends on their purpose. Here, though, love is a noun and stinks is a verb.Slide5
Subject/Predicate
A sentence’s
subject usually contains
a noun and a sentence’s predicate
always contains
a verb.
New York Times Article
On your own paper
please write a list of any nouns you find interesting or challenging and any verbs you find interesting or challenging (two lists)
.
T-ChartSlide6
Subject/Predicate
Let’s discuss the article:
Do you believe that chess saved Shawn Martinez’s life
? Why?
How could both
perspectives from #1
be supported by quotes from the article? (specific quotes)
Do you think Shawn Martinez would say that chess saved his life? Why?Slide7
Subject/Predicate
Groups
(I’ll number you off)
In your groups you will show all of your lists and choose 2 nouns and 2 verbs.
Please write your 2 nouns and 2 verbs on the
whiteboard (once a word is used it cannot be repeated).
Word
Wall on boardSlide8
Subject/Predicate
Each group will now mix
and match all of the words on the word wall to create
5
original sentences.
You will use the nouns as the subjects and the verbs as the predicates.
Add words and change tense in order to create challenging sentences.
Underline the subject with an “
s
” underneath, underline predicate with a “
p
” underneath!
Present your sentences on board.Slide9Slide10
Subject/Predicate video!!!
http://
www.youtube.com
/
watch?v
=
fdUXxdmhIsw
Slide11
Notes
Subject
: Who or what the sentence is about.
TIP: To find the subject, ask
who
is doing something or
about whom
or
what
something is being said.
What is the subject in the following sentence?
The Grand Canyon is a well-known American landmark.Slide12
Notes
Predicate
: tells something about what the subject is or does.
What is the predicate in the following sentence?
Dorothy ran home.Slide13
Simple/Complete Subject
Simple Subject
: the
main word
or word group that tells whom or what the sentence is about.
The simple subject is PART of the COMPLETE SUBJECT.
Complete Subject
:
all words
that tell whom or what the sentence is about.
EXAMPLE:
The Kabuki dancers’ costumes are beautiful.
Complete Subject: The Kabuki dancers’ costumes
Simple Subject: costumesSlide14
Simple/complete predicate
Simple Predicate
(or the main verb): the main word or word group that tells what
the subject
is
or
does.
Complete Predicate
: the main verb and all the words that describe that verb and complete its meaning.
EXAMPLE:
The party for my grandparents’ fiftieth anniversary ended with a grand display of fireworks.
Complete Predicate: ended with a grand display of fireworks
Simple Predicate: endedSlide15
Group Practice
What is the SS, CS, SP, CP in the following sentences?
Justin
washed
Dad's
car.
The
garbage truck arrives very early in the morning
.
Would they prefer chili or sauerkraut with their hotdogs?
Sixteen
inches of snow fell in the Adirondacks last night.
I love to climb.
Reading
often improves your vocabularySlide16
Workbook Practice
Please complete the following practice in your workbooks:
Pages:
5-7
Depending on our time, what you don
’
t finish will be HW.Slide17Slide18
Subject/Predicate Pop Quiz
What is the SS, CS, SP, CP in the following sentences
?
Justin washed Dad's car.
The garbage truck arrives very early in the morning.
Would they prefer chili or sauerkraut with
their hotdogs?
Sixteen inches of snow fell in the Adirondacks last night.
I love to climb.
Reading
improves your vocabularySlide19
Trade and GradeSlide20
Compound Subjects
Many times a sentence may have more than one subject or more than one predicate (verb) or both!
A
compound subject
is when two or more connected subjects have the same verb.
Example: The doorbell and the telephone rang at the same time.
Can you tell what the two subjects are?
What verb do they share?Slide21
Compound Predicate (Verb)
A
compound predicate or verb
is when two or more verbs have the same subject.
Example: The Tigers won the first game of the double-header but did not win the second.
What are my verbs in this sentence?
What subject do they share?Slide22
PRACTICE
Workbook pages 11-13
HW if not completedSlide23Slide24
TREASURE HUNT
Placing the answers on your own paper, search in your workbook and find the definitions for the following topics (hint: the definitions are usually in red at the top of a page).
Sentence Fragment
Clauses
Independent Clause
Dependent (or Subordinate) ClauseSlide25
What is a Sentence??
BOTH DEFINITIONS ARE CORRECT, CHOOSE THE ONE YOU CONNECT WITH THE BEST:
Definition
1
: A sentence is a group of words arranged to express a complete thought. The arrangement of the words follows the rules of English grammar.
Definition 2
: A sentence is
a group
of words that begins with a capital letter, has a subject and a complete
verb (predicate),
and ends with a period.Slide26
Sentence Fragments
A word group that looks like a sentence but does not contain both a subject and a verb or does not express a complete thought.
THEY ARE DECEITFUL LITTLE MONSTERSSlide27
Reasons for Fragments
No main verb
Fragment
: A story with deep thoughts and emotions.
Possible
Revision
:
She
told a story with deep thoughts and emotions.
No
Subject
Fragment
:
Planted flowers in late summer.
Possible
Revision
:
Farmer
Hoggett
planted flowers in late summer.
No Complete Thought
Fragment: because they had never snowboarded before.
This one has a subject and a verb, but isn’t a complete thought.
Possible Revision:
They were afraid because they had never snowboarded before.Slide28
Fragment Slip Chaos Convo Activity
I am going to give each student a slip of paper. These slips have sentence fragments written on them. You are going to go up to a random person and read your sentence fragment like this:
“Before she hated giraffes, blank”
Or
“Blank, when pigs fly!”
Your partner will have to take that fragment and turn it into a complete sentence by doing
two things
: telling you where the comma should be added (if there needs to be one) AND finishing the sentence to make it complete.
DEMONSTRATION Slide29
Practice
Workbook pages 2-4Slide30Slide31
CLAUSES:
Independent Clause (Main Clause)
: expresses a complete thought and can stand by itself as a complete sentence (
It has both a subject and a verb).
Examples:
The
runner jumped.
The singer bowed.
The baby cried.Slide32
SIMPLE SENTENCES
Definition: Contains one independent clause and no dependent (subordinate) clauses.
Examples:
The
runner jumped.
The
singer bowed.
The
baby cried
.
Interesting Examples:
The
girl ran into
the kitchen.
This simple sentence has one independent clause which contains one
subject,
girl
, and one
predicate,
ran into
the kitchen
.
This example is distinct from the previous three in that its verb phrase consists of more than one word.
T
he
dog barked and howled at the cat.
This simple sentence has one independent clause which contains one subject,
dog
, and
one complete
predicate,
barked and howled at the
cat
. This predicate has two
verbs,
known as a compound predicate:
barked
and
howled
. This compound verb should not be confused with a compound sentence. Slide33
Rules
Rule 1
: Simple sentences can be short.
Jon laughed.
Rule 2
: Simple sentences can be longer.
The funny, curly-headed boy laughed extremely hard.
Rule 3:
Simple sentences can have a compound subject.
Simon and Garfunkel made one record that year.
Rule 4:
Simple sentences can have a compound predicate.
Marianne sang, danced, and played at the recital.
Rule 5:
Simple sentences can have both a compound subject and a compound predicate
Bill and John run and laugh everyday.Slide34
Group Activity for Simple Sentences
I will count you off into groups of 4-5.
Each group will receive a slip of paper with a topic on it.
You will take that topic and write a funny story using only simple sentences, one after the other.
You will do this by PASSING THE PAPER AROUND A CIRCLE and each group member adding a new simple sentence.
Go around the circle
3
times.
Share Slide35
Practice
Workbook pages: 120,139Slide36Slide37
Compound Sentences
A
compound sentence is two or
more
simple
sentences (independent clauses)
that are joined together
by one of these:
a
conjunction and a comma
a semicolon
a semicolon, conj.
a
dverb, and a comma
.
THERE ARE NO DEPENDENT CLAUSES HERE!Slide38
3 ways to Join Ind. clauses
Comma, conjunction
Semicolon
Semicolon, conj. adverb, comma
Conjunctions
are:
and, but, or, nor, so, for, yet
.
For a compound sentence to be punctuated correctly with a comma, it must come before the conjunction.
Example:
Comma: Liz ran home, but first she stopped by Anna’s.
Semicolon: The kids ran in circles; they are hoping to make their parents proud.
Semicolon, conj. Adverb, comma:
I remained dry; however, Sally was soaked.Slide39
Comma Splices
A
comma splice is
the incorrect
use of a comma between two independent clauses.
EXAMPLE
: I like this class, it is very interesting
.
How is that not correct!?
You
can usually fix the error
by:
Changing
the comma to a period and therefore making the two clauses into two separate
sentences
By
changing the comma to a
semicolon
By
making one clause dependent by inserting a dependent marker word in front of
it (such as also, however, therefore, etc…)
AVOIDING COMMA SPLICES: Make sure you have a conjunction after your comma, before your next independent clause! Slide40
COMPOUND SENTENCE ACTIVITY
Groups
Choose an APPROPRIATE picture from a magazine or newspaper to write a simple sentence about.
Cut out the picture and glue it on your printer paper.
Write the sentence directly underneath the picture.
Find a second picture to write a simple sentence about.
Cut that picture out and glue it on the printer paper as well.
Write the sentence directly underneath the picture.
NOW find a way to join the two simple sentences (independent clauses) into one larger sentence and write it LARGE at the bottom of the page! THIS IS A COMPOUND SENTENCE!!!Slide41
Practice
Workbook pg. 140-141Slide42Slide43
Dependent (or Subordinate) Clause
: does not express a complete thought and cannot stand by itself as a complete sentence
.
Remember our sentence fragment game?!
Examples:
As he prepared their meal
Make into a complex sentence by adding a simple sentence somewhere (Ind. Clause)
Before there were dinosaurs
Make into a complex sentence by adding a simple sentence somewhere (Ind. Clause)Slide44
Complex Sentences
Contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
Examples: At the park, Jennifer fed the ducks and swans, which quickly swam toward her.
Where’s the Ind. clause? Dep. clause?
As she watched the fish and snails, she thought about a career in marine biology.
Where’s the Ind. clause? Dep. clause?Slide45
Compound-Complex Sentences
Contains two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.
Example:
Although both were tired, Jerry went to his soccer practice, and Carl went to his piano lesson.
Where are the two or more independent clauses?
Where is the one dependent clause?
You should shut the gate whenever you leave the backyard; otherwise, the dogs may get out.
Where are the two or more independent clauses?
Where is the one dependent clause?Slide46
Practice!
On the following slide there are 5 pictures. I want you to write a complex sentence for 1 and 2.
Write compound-complex sentences for 3-4.
In your sentences describe the picture or set the scene with a story.Slide47Slide48
Pair and Share
Turn to a neighbor and trade papers. Look over each others 5 sentences.
Did they do the activity correctly?
Write tips and pointers on their paper if they confused the sentence types.
Discuss how to write compound-complex sentences correctly.Slide49
Practice!
Workbook practice:
Pages 142-145Slide50
Unit Exam Review
Exam Friday 9/14Slide51